仔猪小肠优势乳酸杆菌断奶前后全肠道演替及其比较代谢组学研究  

Whole Intestinal Succession of Dominant Lactobacilli in Small Intestine of Piglets Before and after Weaning and Their Comparative Metabolomics

作　　者：刘沫言 郝友玲 宋庆庆 陈辉 孙士强 李菊 武振龙[1] 戴兆来[1] LIU Moyan;HAO Youling;SONG Qingqing;CHEN Hui;SUN Shiqiang;LI Ju;WU Zhenlong;DAI Zhaolai(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Miyun High School Affiliated to Capital Normal University,Beijing 101520,China;Henan Yinfa Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 451100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]首都师范大学附属密云中学,北京101520 [3]河南银发牧业有限公司,郑州451100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第3期1501-1512,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划(973计划)(2013CB127303);国家自然科学基金(32072689,31301979);十三五国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0500501)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究仔猪小肠优势乳酸杆菌在断奶前后的全肠道数量变化,并对部分优势乳酸杆菌的代谢差异进行了比较代谢组学研究。试验用梯度稀释培养法,分离21日龄哺乳仔猪的小肠优势乳酸杆菌。此外,试验选取24头体重为(7.00±0.50)kg的21日龄断奶长×大二元杂交去势公猪,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。分别于21、24、28和35日龄时,每组随机选择1头仔猪屠宰,采集胃、空肠、回肠、盲肠和结肠内容物,用荧光定量PCR法定量分析胃肠内容物样品中的不同种类乳酸杆菌数量。另外,选取3株优势乳酸杆菌进行比较代谢组学分析。结果表明:试验分离获得了5株仔猪小肠优势乳酸杆菌分别为:食淀粉乳杆菌(Lactobacillus amylovorus)、罗伊氏乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus reuteri)、约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)、黏液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus mucosae)和唾液乳杆菌(Ligilactobacillus salivarius)。断奶后,仔猪胃肠内的乳酸杆菌数量降低,并随着日龄的增加逐渐恢复,但均未达到哺乳期水平。断奶后,胃中的优势乳酸杆菌为唾液乳杆菌、黏液乳杆菌和食淀粉乳杆菌;小肠和大肠中的优势乳酸杆菌为食淀粉乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和约氏乳杆菌,但3种乳酸杆菌在不同肠段的数量存在差异。比较代谢组学结合液相色谱分析显示,食淀粉乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和黏液乳杆菌的主要差异代谢途径为氨基酸代谢中的精氨酸生物合成与碳水化合物代谢中的柠檬酸循环。试验结果可为饲粮调控断奶仔猪肠道不同部位乳酸杆菌的菌群组成和代谢、改善断奶仔猪肠道功能与健康提供基础。This experiment aimed to study the whole intestinal number changes of the dominant Lactobacilli in small intestine of piglets before and after weaning,and to study the metabolic differences of some dominant Lactobacilli by comparative metabolomics.The dominant Lactobacilli in small intestine of suckling piglets at 21 days of age were isolated using the gradient dilution and culture-based method.Besides,twenty-four 21-day-old weaned Landrace×Large Yorkshire cross-breed barrows with an average body weight of(7.00±0.50)kg were selected and divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each replicate.At 21,24,28 and 35 days of age,one piglet from each group was selected and slaughtered,the luminal contents from stomach,jejunum,ileum,caecum and colon were collected and the numbers of different kinds of Lactobacilli in the samples were quantified by real-time PCR.In addition,three dominant Lactobacilli strains were selected for the comparative metabolomics study.The results showed that five dominant Lactobacilli strains were isolated and identified as Lactobacillus amylovorus,Limosilactobacillus reuteri,Lactobacillus johnsonii,Limosilactobacillus mucosae and Ligilactobacillus salivarius.The number of Lactobacilli in the stomach and intestine of piglets was decreased and gradually recovered after weaning,but did not reach the level of suckling period.After weaning,the dominant Lactobacilli in the stomach were Ligilactobacillus salivarius,Limosilactobacillus mucosae and Lactobacillus amylovorus;the dominant Lactobacilli in the small intestine and large intestine were Lactobacillus amylovorus,Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii,however,there were difference in the number of three Lactobacilli in different intestinal segments.The comparative metabolomics and liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the major differential metabolic pathways were arginine biosynthesis in amino acid metabolism and citric acid cycle in carbohydrate metabolism of Lactobacillus amylovorus,Limosilacto

关 键 词：优势乳酸杆菌 消化道 断奶 演替 比较代谢组学 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]