围产前期补饲酵母硒对奶牛乳汁代谢物的影响  

Effects of Selenium Yeast Supplementation during Preperinatal Period on Milk Metabolites in Dairy Cows

作　　者：杜振隆 付力立 罗正中 马莉 周涛[1] 姚学萍[1] 沈留红[1] 余树民[1] 严作廷[2] 曹随忠[1] DU Zhenlong;FU Lili;LUO Zhengzhong;MA LiZHOU Tao;YAO Xueping;SHEN Liuhong;YU Shumin;YAN Zuoting;CAO Suizhong(College of Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物医学院,成都611130 [2]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,兰州730050

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第3期1666-1674,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：甘肃省科技厅重点研发计划项目(20YF8NA029);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1602)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在揭示围产前期补饲酵母硒对牛乳代谢组分的影响,从乳汁代谢物的角度阐述酵母硒的生物学功能。选择20头健康荷斯坦妊娠后期奶牛,随机分为对照组与试验组,每组10头。对照组奶牛饲喂基础饲粮,试验组于预产期前21 d在基础饲粮中添加0.15 g/kg DM酵母硒,分娩当天停止添加。在分娩当天和产后第21天采集2组奶牛的乳汁,基于超高液相色谱-串联质谱技术对乳汁代谢物进行检测。采用主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析和单因素统计分析(t检验、差异倍数)方法分析对照组与试验组在分娩当天和产后第21天乳汁中代谢物的差异性;以变量投影重要度(VIP)>1和P<0.05为条件筛选差异代谢物,并对筛选出的差异代谢物进行聚类分析和通路富集分析。结果表明:补饲酵母硒后,分娩当天的乳汁中共筛选出20种差异代谢物,其中L-苯丙氨酸、α-乳糖、半乳糖-1-磷酸及磷酸羟基丙酮酸等能量相关代谢物显著上调(P<0.05),差异代谢物主要参与的代谢通路为半乳糖代谢[通路拓扑分析的影响值(Impact值)>0.1且P<0.05];分娩第21天的乳汁中共筛选出20种差异代谢物,其中白三烯A4、植物鞘氨醇等炎症相关代谢物显著下调(P<0.05),差异代谢物主要参与的代谢通路为苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成(Impact值>0.1且P<0.05)。由此可知,奶牛围产前期补饲酵母硒后可以改变分娩当天乳汁营养成分并降低产后第21天乳汁中的促炎代谢物,间接影响犊牛的健康。The purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of selenium yeast supplementation during preperinatal period on metabolic components of milk and to elucidate the biological function of selenium yeast from the perspective of milk metabolites.Twenty healthy Holstein dairy cows in late pregnancy were randomly divided into control group and experimental group,with 10 cows in each group.Cows in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the experimental group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.15 g/kg DM yeast selenium for 21 days before the expected date of calving,and the supplementation was stopped on the day of calving.The milk of cows in the two groups was collected on the day of calving and day 21 after calving,and the milk metabolites were detected based on ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Principal component analysis,orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis and single factor statistical analysis(t-test,fold change)were used to analyze the differences of metabolites in the milk of the control group and the experimental group on the day of calving and day 21 after calving.Differential metabolites were screened with variable importance in projection(VIP)>1 and P<0.05,and cluster analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were performed for the selected differential metabolites.The results show that a total of 20 different metabolites were screened in the milk on the day of calving after selenium yeast supplementation,among which energy-related metabolites,such as L-phenylalanine,α-lactose,galactose-1-phosphate and phosphohydroxypyruvic acid,et al,were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05),and the main metabolic pathway involved in differential metabolites was galactose metabolism[impact value of pathway topology analysis(Impact value)>0.1 and P<0.05].A total of 20 differential metabolites were screened from the milk on day 21 after calving,among which inflammatory related metabolites,such as leukotriene A4,phytosphingosine,et al,were significantly down-regu

关 键 词：酵母硒 代谢组学 乳汁 围产期 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]