中央财政转移支付对中国区域协调发展的促进效应  

Promotional Effect of Central Fiscal Transfer Payments on Regional Coordinated Development in China

作　　者：刘长庚[1,2] 巫骥 LIU Changgeng;WU Ji(Business School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China;Hunan University of Finance and Economics,Changsha 410205,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学商学院,中国湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南财政经济学院,中国湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《经济地理》2023年第2期10-21,共12页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA065);湘潭大学研究生科研创新项目(CX20200576)。

摘　　要：文章梳理中央财政转移支付制度演变历程和转移支付管理实践变化与趋势,使用空间分析、相关系数分析、基尼系数分析和RE指数分析等方法分析中央财政转移支付对促进中国区域协调发展的作用机制及效果,得出以下结论:(1)中央财政转移支付制度不断完善,公平性不断提升;转移支付发展趋势主要体现为规模不断增大、精准性不断提高、地方平衡性不断增强。(2)中央财政转移支付降低了各省域基本公共服务、基础设施通达程度和人民生活水平差距,推动了各项省域协调发展指标均衡提升。(3)中央财政转移支付主要通过推动人均财政支出均等化和规范地方政府支出行为促进区域协调发展。最后,从完善中央财政转移支付制度、规范省以下地方财政支出行为方面提出政策建议。This article sorts out the evolution of the central fiscal transfer payment system and the changes and trends of transfer payment management,and uses spatial analysis,correlation coefficient analysis,Gini coefficient analysis,and RE index analysis to investigate the mechanism and effect of central fiscal transfer payments on promoting regional coordinated development in China.The conclusions are as follows:1)The central financial transfer payment system has been continuously improved,and the fairness has been continuously improved.The development trend of transfer payment is mainly reflected in the continuous increase of scale,continuous improvement of precision,and continuous enhancement of local balance.2)The transfer payments from the central government have reduced the gaps in basic public services,infrastructure accessibility,and people’s living standards among provinces,and promoted the balanced improvement of various provincial coordinated development indicators.3)The transfer payment of the central government promotes regional coordinated development mainly by promoting the equalization of per capita fiscal expenditure and regulating the expenditure behavior of local governments.Finally,this paper puts forward policy suggestions for improving the transfer payment system and regulating the fiscal expenditure behavior of local governments below the provincial level.

关 键 词：转移支付 中央财政 人均财政支出均等化 区域协调发展 基本公共服务 基础设施 人民生活水平 

分 类 号：F207[经济管理—国民经济]