土地经营权整合与土地流转路径优化  

Integration of Land Management Right and Optimization of Land Circulation Path

作　　者：孙新华 Sun Xin-hua

机构地区：[1]安徽大学社会与政治学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2023年第3期120-128,共9页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下小农户与新型农业经营主体的互动关系研究”(19CSH031)。

摘　　要：细碎土地供给与规模土地需求之间的张力构成了我国土地流转的主要矛盾。细碎土地的交易特征决定了分散式流转面临过高的交易成本。在我国当前土地制度下,只有调整土地流转的交易装置,才能推动细碎土地的规模化流转。相对于分散式流转,整合式流转通过“两次流转”以较低的交易成本实现了细碎土地的转入和规模土地的转出。整合式流转的关键是中介组织对细碎土地经营权的整合,将细碎土地的经营权整合为规模土地的经营权,并差异化地流转给小农户和新型农业经营主体。这依赖于中介组织对土地流转双方特别是土地承包户利益关系的整合。相对于地方政府和村庄能人,村社组织作为中介组织在推动细碎土地经营权整合方面更具优势。因此,为了更好地优化我国土地流转路径,应该推动整合式流转、加强土地经营权整合、发挥村社组织的整合功能。The tension between the supply of fragmented land and the demand of large-scale land constitutes the main con⁃tradiction in land circulation in China.The transaction characteristics of fragmented land determine that decentralized land trans⁃fer faces high transaction costs.Under the current land system,only by adjusting the land transfer transaction equipment can we promote the large-scale transfer of fragmented land in China.Compared decentralized land transfer,the integrated land transfer realizes the transfer of granular land and the transfer of large-scale land with lower transaction costs through two land transfers.The key of integrated land transfer is the integration of the right of management of fragmented land by intermediary organizations,so as to integrate the right of management of fragmented land into the right of management of large-scale land,and transfer it to small peasants and new agricultural management subjects in a differentiated way.It depends on the intermediary organization to integrate the interest relationship between the two sides of land transfer,especially the land contractor.Compared with local gov⁃ernments and village talents,village community organizations have more advantages as intermediary organizations to promote the integration of the management rights of fragmented land.Therefore,in order to better optimize the land transfer path,we should promote the integrated land transfer,strengthen the integration of land management rights,and play the integration function of vil⁃lage cooperatives.

关 键 词：土地经营权 产权整合 细碎土地 土地流转 三权分置 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]