机械测试理论与技术研究:现状、趋势及展望  

Mechanical Testing Theory and Technology:Present Situation,Trends,and Prospects

作　　者：叶鑫 刘世元[2] 邾继贵[3] 黄志权 朱金龙[2] 赖一楠 苗鸿雁[1] 王岐东[1] Ye Xin;Liu Shiyuan;Zhu Jigui;Huang Zhiquan;Zhu Jinlong;Lai Yinan;Miao Hongyan;Wang Qidong(Department of Engineering and Material Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China;School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300392,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学学部,北京100083 [2]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,天津300392 [4]太原科技大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2023年第3期3-12,共10页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

摘　　要：机械测试理论与技术是获取机械物理信息的主要途径,是推动工业生产和制造技术进步的“倍增器”。随着我国从“资本密集型、劳动密集型”产业逐步向“知识密集型”产业升级,以集成电路、航空航天、高速轨道交通、新能源汽车为代表的战略性新兴产业与高技术制造业正成为未来十年我国制造业升级的重点领域。如何完整而精确地获取高性能装备运行过程中的服役状态以及如何实时而全面地获取产品制造过程中的形性参数,是保证制造装备与制造过程实现“高性能”、“高效率”的关键所在。开展了科学基金资助情况统计和文献分析,从精密测量、纳米测量与量子测量3个维度综合分析了本领域的代表性进展、研究热点与发展趋势,总结了面向高性能制造的机械测试重要理论、核心方法与关键技术进展,探讨了所面临的关键挑战,凝练了未来5~10年的重大科学问题。Mechanical measurement theory and technology is the main process to obtain mechanical physical information,and the booster to promote the progress of industrial production and manufacturing technology.With China’s gradual upgrade from capital-and laborintensive industries to knowledgeintensive industries,strategic emerging and hightech manufacturing industries,such as integrated circuits,aerospace,highspeed railway transportation,and new energy vehicles,are becoming key areas for the next decade.To achieve highperformance and highefficiency manufacturing equipment and processes,it is necessary to comprehensively obtain the service status of highperformance equipment in the operation process and the shape and performance parameters in the product manufacturing process in real time.Hence,this study conducts statistics and literature analyses on funded projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China and comprehensively analyzes the representative progress,research hotspots,and development trends in this field from three dimensions:precision,nano,and quantum measurements.Furthermore,it summarizes important theories,core methods,and key technology progress of mechanical measurements for highperformance manufacturing,discusses the key challenges,and clarifies the major scientific problems for the next 5‒10 years.

关 键 词：机械测试理论与技术 先进制造 精密测量 纳米测量 量子测量 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]