微细粒石英/赤铁矿异步絮凝浮选分离研究  

Separation of Fine-grained Hematite and Quartz by Asynchronous Flocculation Flotation

作　　者：杨诚 李明阳 龙红明 王海川 Liu Qi YANG Cheng;LI Mingyang;LONG Hongming;WANG Haichuan;LIU Qi(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan 243032,Anhui,China;Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering,University of Alberta,Edmonton T6G 2V4,Alberta,Canada)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002 [2]阿尔伯塔大学化学与材料工程学院,加拿大埃德蒙顿T6G 2V4

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2022年第5期82-87,共6页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51904001);安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(2008085QE223);博士后科学基金(2020M673590XB)。

摘　　要：微细粒矿物因其比表面积大、表面能高,对浮选药剂的非选择性吸附严重,一直是浮选分离的难点。针对微细粒矿物在单一絮凝浮选过程中精矿品位和回收率偏低等问题,以微细粒(−10μm)赤铁矿和石英为研究对象,以聚氧化乙烯和淀粉为选择性絮凝剂和抑制剂,结合絮凝浮选试验、沉降试验、SEM扫描分析,对微细粒赤铁矿/石英异步絮凝浮选工艺的可行性进行了研究,并对可能的机理进行了探讨。浮选结果显示,在捕收剂十二胺体系中,聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和淀粉可以分别用作石英和赤铁矿的选择性絮凝剂,实现两者的浮选分离,当PEO用量和相对分子质量分别为50 g/t和800万时的分离效果最好,此时浮选精矿铁品位和回收率分别为60.41%和81.83%。沉降试验和SEM分析表明,聚氧化乙烯和淀粉分别对石英和赤铁矿有较强的选择性絮凝作用,且PEO对石英的絮凝效果强于淀粉对赤铁矿的絮凝效果。在浮选过程中,PEO和淀粉的先后加入可以实现微细粒石英和赤铁矿的先后选择性絮凝,即异步絮凝,其增强了两种矿物的表面性质差异,为高效分离提供了条件。Fine-grained minerals have large specific surface area and high surface energy,which makes it difficult for flotation reagents to adsorb selectively and flotation separation.This work used fine-grained(−10μm)hematite and quartz as the research objects,polyethylene oxide(PEO)and starch as the selective flocculants and depressants,respectively,combined with flocculation flotation testing,sedimentation testing,and SEM scanning analysis,to determine the viability of the microfine-grained hematite/quartz asynchronous flocculation process.The flotation results demonstrated that starch and PEO can be utilized as selective flocculants to separate quartz and hematite using dodecylamine as the collector.The best separation result was obtained with grade 60.4%and recovery 81.8%of the concentrate when the dosage and molecular weight of PEO were 50 g/t and 800w,respectively.According to the results of sedimentation test and SEM analysis,PEO and starch have strong flocculation effects on quartz and hematite,respectively.Moreover,PEO has a stronger impact on quartz than that of starch on hematite.Asynchronous flocculation,which was achieved in the flotation process by the successive addition of PEO and starch,accentuates the differences in surface characteristics of the two minerals and creates the right circumstances for effective separation of fine-grained quartz and hematite.

关 键 词：石英 赤铁矿 絮凝剂 选择性絮凝 浮选分离 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿]