公元3—6世纪河洛地区疫灾及其伴生特征概述  

An Overview of Epidemic Disasters and Accompanying Characteristics inHeluo Area from 3rd to 6th Centuries A.D.

作　　者：姚明超 刘继刚[2] YAO Mingchao;LIU Jigang(Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan Hubei China 430065;Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Henan China 450046)

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学,湖北武汉430065 [2]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中医学报》2023年第4期698-703,共6页Acta Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BZS049);2021年度河南中医药大学苗圃工程项目(MP2021-36)。

摘　　要：公元3—6世纪,河洛地区共有26个年份发生了疫病灾害。从时间分布上看,疫灾具有明显的阶段性集中暴发特征:一是历史时期疫灾集中暴发。公元3世纪是河洛地区疫灾高发阶段,共有13个年份出现疫情,占疫灾总年份的1/2;公元4世纪是河洛地区疫灾多发阶段,共有8个年份出现疫情,占疫灾总年份的近1/3;公元5—6世纪是河洛地区疫灾低发阶段,共有5个年份出现疫情,约占疫灾总年份的1/5。二是冬春季节疫灾集中暴发。疫灾发生于冬春时节约占57%,发生于夏秋时期约占43%。公元3—6世纪的疫灾不仅与水灾、旱灾、蝗灾、地震等自然灾害伴生,还会与牛、马等畜疫伴生,人为的战争与饥荒往往会给疫情雪上加霜。During the 3rd-6th centuries A.D.,a total of 26 years witnessed epidemic disasters in the Heluo area.By the standard of time distribution,the epidemic disasters had obvious characteristics of a periodical and intensive outbreak.On the one hand,epidemic disasters broke out intensively in this historical period.Specifically,the 3rd century A.D.was the high incidence period,during which 13 years were ravaged by epidemic disasters in the Heluo area,accounting for 1/2 of the total years with epidemic disasters.The 4th century A.D.was the frequent incidence period,during which 8 years were ravaged by epidemic disasters,accounting for nearly 1/3 of the total years with epidemic disasters.By contrast,the 5th to 6th centuries were the low incidence period,only 5 years witnessed epidemic diseases,accounting for almost 1/5 of the total years with epidemic disasters.On the other hand,winter and spring were the intensive outbreak seasons of epidemic disasters.Specifically,the incidence of epidemic disasters in winter and spring was about 57%,while in summer and autumn about 43%.The epidemic disasters during the 3rd to 6th centuries were not only associated with natural disasters such as floods,drought,locust plague,and earthquakes but also accompanied by animal plagues such as cattle and horse epidemics.Situations often got worse with man-made wars and famines.

关 键 词：疫灾 河洛地区 公元3—6世纪 河洛文化 

分 类 号：R2-05[医药卫生—中医学]