大学生动态心肺功能和有氧耐力的关联性  

Association between dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic endurance among university students

作　　者：李闯涛 高晓嶙[1] 吴东哲 王昊 LI Chuangtao;GAO Xiaolin;WU Dongzhe;WANG Hao(China Institute of Sports Science,Beijing(100061),China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第2期282-286,290,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(19-18)。

摘　　要：目的 通过递增负荷运动试验,筛选能有效评估有氧耐力的动态心肺功能指标。方法 于2019年3—11月,从北京市5所高校随机招募能够理解试验并自愿配合整个测试过程的266名志愿者。采用德国Cortex Metalyzer 3B系统和美国Cheetah NICOM系统实时监测气体代谢和心功能,通过线性递增负荷方案测得最大摄氧量。根据研究设计选取有氧耐力和动态心肺功能指标,采用相关和典型性相关分析两者间的关系。结果 男生最大摄氧量(VO2_(max))绝对值、VO2_(max)相对值、最大每搏输出量(SV_(max))、最大每搏输出量指数(SVI_(max))均显著高于女生,动态心肺功能指标K值低于女生(t值分别为17.8,10.1,8.5,4.3,-6.3,P值均<0.05)。简单相关发现,VO2_(max)绝对值、VO2_(max)相对值与K值、b值呈负相关,VO2_(max)绝对值、VO2_(max)相对值与SV_(max)、SVI_(max)呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。典型相关分析发现,有氧耐力和动态心肺功能2组指标呈正相关(r=0.94,P<0.01);与动态心肺功能密切相关的有氧耐力指标为VO2_(max)绝对值、VO2_(max)相对值;与有氧耐力密切相关的动态心肺功能指标为K值、b值、SV_(max)、SVI_(max)。结论 动态心肺功能的提高有助于有氧耐力的提高,动态心肺功能指标K值、b值、SV_(max)、SVI_(max)可以作为预测评估有氧运动能力的重要候选指标。Objective To screen dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness indices for effective assessment of aerobic endurance using incremental load exercise tests. Methods From March to November 2019, 266 volunteers who were able to understand the trial and voluntarily cooperated with the entire testing process were randomly recruited from 5 universities in Beijing. Gas metabolism and cardiac function were monitored in real time using the German Cortex Metalyzer 3B system and the US Cheetah NICOM system, and maximum oxygen uptake was measured by a linear incremental loading scheme. Aerobic endurance and dynamic cardiopulmonary function indices were selected according to the study design, and the relationship between the two indicators was analyzed using correlation and typicality correlation. Results The absolute maximum oxygen uptake(VO2_(max)), relative maximum oxygen uptake, maximum stroke volume(SV_(max)), and maximum stroke volume index(SVI_(max)) were significantly higher in males than in females, and the dynamic cardiopulmonary function index K was significantly lower than in females(t=17.8, 10.1, 8.5, 4.3,-6.3, P<0.05). Simple correlation revealed that absolute VO2_(max)and relative VO2_(max)were negatively correlated with K and b, and absolute VO2_(max)and relative VO2_(max)were positively correlated with SV_(max)and SVI_(max)(P<0.01);Both dynamic cardiopulmonary function indices were significantly correlated with aerobic endurance. Aerobic endurance indexes closely related to dynamic cardiopulmonary function were absolute VO2_(max), relative VO2_(max);dynamic cardiopulmonary function indexes closely related to aerobic endurance were K, b, SV_(max), SVI_(max). Conclusion Improvement of dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness contributes to the improvement of aerobic endurance, the dynamic cardiorespiratory fitness indices K, b, SV_(max), and SVI_(max)can be used as important candidates to predict the assessment of aerobic exercise capacity.

关 键 词：心肺功能 氧 运动活动 生长和发育 学生 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学] G807.4[医药卫生—临床医学]