广东省中山市中老年人群饮食行为模式与超重肥胖的相关性研究  

Association between dietary patterns and overweight and obesity in middle-aged and elderly population in Zhongshan city,Guangdong Province

作　　者：李钰 陈青松 贾瀚璐 沈天然 LI Yu;CHEN Qing-song;JIA Han-lu;SHEN Tian-ran(School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510310,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510310 [2]广东省公共卫生检测与评估工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第5期832-836,858,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金(2019GCZX012);广州市基础与应用基础研究项目(202201010545)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨≥45岁中老年人群饮食行为及其模式与超重/肥胖的影响,为我国中老年人超重/肥胖的控制干预提供合理建议与科学依据。方法 于广东省中山市招募3 281名≥45的中老年人群进行问卷调查和体格检查,收集其饮食习惯资料和超重肥胖情况。利用因子分析法确定中老年人群主要饮食行为模式,使用多因素logistic回归分析其饮食行为模式与超重肥胖之间的关联。结果 共确定6种饮食行为模式。模式1贡献率为11.53%,主要与坚果、豆类及豆制品、奶类及奶制品、蛋类、水果等因素有关。模式2贡献率为10.40%,主要与油炸食品、甜食/含糖饮料、咸菜/腌菜有关。模式3贡献率为8.17%,主要和早餐、宵夜相关。模式4贡献率为7.70%,主要和蔬菜类、肉类相关。模式5贡献率为7.62%,主要与鱼虾类、点外卖/在外就餐有关。模式6贡献率为6.8%,主要与进食速度相关。多因素logistic回归分析显示,模式2(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.01~1.42)、模式5(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.16~1.66)以及模式6(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.13~1.60)与超重/肥胖呈正相关。结论 中老年人群饮食行为模式与超重/肥胖存在一定关联,合理改变饮食行为、形成良好的饮食习惯对中老年人群保持良好体重具有重要意义。Objective To investigate the influence of dietary behaviors and patterns on overweight/obesity in the middle-aged and elderly people aged≥45 years,to provide reasonable suggestions and scientific basis for the control and intervention of overweight/obesity in the middle-aged and elderly people in China.Methods A total of 3281 middle-aged and elderly people aged≥45 years were recruited in Zhongshan city,Guangdong Province.Questionnaires and physical examinations were used to collect data on dietary habits and overweight/obesity status of the study population.The main dietary behavior patterns of middle-aged and elderly people were determined by factor analysis,and the association between their dietary behavior patterns and overweight/obesity was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results A total of six dietary behavior patterns were determined by factor analysis.The contribution rate of Mode 1 was 11.53%,which was mainly related to nuts,legumes,milk,eggs,fruits,and other factors.The contribution rate of Mode 2 was 10.40%,which was mainly related to fried food,sweets/sugar-sweetened beverages,and pickles/pickled vegetables.The contribution rate of Mode 3 was 8.17%,which was mainly related to breakfast and supper.Mode 4 contributed 7.70%,mainly related to vegetables,meat,and poultry.The contribution rate of Mode 5 was 7.62%,which was mainly related to fish and shrimp and ordering takeaway/dining out.Mode 6 contributed 6.8%and was mainly related to eating speed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the low grouping,Mode 2(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.01-1.42),Mode 5(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.161.66),and Mode 6(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.13-1.60)were associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity.Conclusion There is a relationship between the dietary behavior pattern with overweight/obesity in middle-aged and elderly.To reasonably change dietary behaviors and to develop good eating habits are important for maintaining a healthy weight in the middle-aged and elderly.

关 键 词：饮食行为模式 超重/肥胖 中老年人 因子分析 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]