辽宁省慢性病综合防控示范区建设过程中居民健康及相关认知、行为的变化  

Changes of residents’health and related cognition and behavior during the construction of demonstration zone for comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases in Liaoning Province

作　　者：丁洋 田疆[1] 潘磊磊[1] 张颖[3] 许亮 马英顺 卢春明[1,2] 游弋[1] DING Yang;TIAN Jiang;PAN Lei-lei;ZHANG Ying;XU Liang;MA Ying-shun;LU Chun-ming;YOU Yi(Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,辽宁沈阳110005 [2]中国医科大学预防医学研究院,辽宁沈阳110005 [3]鞍山市立山区疾病预防控制中心 [4]沈阳市铁西区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第5期919-924,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2021JH4/10100059)。

摘　　要：目的 评估辽宁省慢性病综合防控示范区建设过程中居民健康及相关认知、行为的变化情况,为推进示范区的创建提供科学依据。方法 于2016和2021年采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在辽宁省6个国家级示范区中随机抽取18岁及以上居民收集主要慢性病患病、健康相关知识认知和健康行为养成情况。应用SPSS 24.0软件进行χ^(2)检验。结果 2016—2021年,示范区居民高血压(χ^(2)=52.920,P<0.001)和血脂异常患病率(χ^(2)=92.219,P<0.001)有所下降,超重率有所上升(χ^(2)=22.022,P<0.001),差异具有统计学意义。糖尿病患病率(χ^(2)=3.200,P=0.074)、心脑血管疾病患病率(χ^(2)=0.327,P=0.567)、慢性呼吸系统疾病患病率(χ^(2)=0.975,P=0.323)、肥胖率(χ^(2)=3.741,P=0.053)间差异均无统计学意义。示范区居民血压知晓率(χ^(2)=1 658.906,P<0.001)、血糖知晓率(χ^(2)=3 660.943,P<0.001)、血脂知晓率(χ^(2)=606.261,P<0.001)、正常BMI范围知晓率(χ^(2)=436.332,P<0.001)、推荐食盐摄入量知晓率(χ^(2)=446.994,P<0.001)、推荐食用油摄入量知晓率(χ^(2)=117.213,P<0.001)、食物营养标签知晓率(χ^(2)=9.434,P=0.002)均上升,差异均有统计学意义。示范区居民现吸烟率有所下降(χ^(2)=101.148,P<0.001),蔬菜摄入充足比例(χ^(2)=28.143,P<0.001)、自觉控盐比例(χ^(2)=289.811,P<0.001)、自觉控油比例(χ^(2)=974.809,P<0.001)、使用腰围尺的比例(χ^(2)=265.646,P<0.001)均有所上升,差异有统计学意义。示范区居民有害饮酒的比例(χ^(2)=0.868,P=0.352)、水果摄入充足比例(χ^(2)=0.048,P=0.827)、使用限盐工具的比例(χ^(2)=1.894,P=0.169)、使用控油工具的比例间(χ^(2)=0.222,P=0.637)差异无统计学意义。示范区居民二手烟暴露率(χ^(2)=1587.664,P<0.001)、饮酒率(χ^(2)=7.318,P=0.007)、身体活动不足的比例(χ^(2)=728.423,P<0.001)升高,差异具有统计学意义。结论 慢性病综合防控示范区建设对居民健康及相关认�Objective To evaluate the changes of residents’health and related cognition and behavior during the construction of demonstration areas for comprehensive prevention and control of non-communicable diseases(NCD demonstration areas)in Liaoning Province,and to provide scientific basis for promoting the establishment of NCD demonstration areas.Methods The multi-stage stratified and clustered random sampling was used to select the residents(≥18 years old)from six national NCD demonstration areas in Liaoning Province in 2016 and 2021.The information on the prevalence of residents’main chronic diseases,the awareness of health-related knowledge,and the cultivation of health behavior were collected.The Chi-square test was performed to analyze data with SPSS 24.0 software.Results From 2016 to 2021,the prevalence of hypertension(χ^(2)=52.920,P<0.001)and dyslipidemia(χ^(2)=92.219,P<0.001)decreased,and the overweight rate(χ^(2)=22.022,P<0.001)increased in the demonstration areas,with statistically significant differences.There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of diabetes(χ^(2)=3.200,P=0.074),cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(χ^(2)=0.327,P=0.567),chronic respiratory diseases(χ^(2)=0.975,P=0.323),and obesity rate(χ^(2)=3.741,P=0.053).The residents’cognition rates of blood pressure(χ^(2)=1658.906,P<0.001),blood sugar(χ^(2)=3660.943,P<0.001),blood lipid(χ^(2)=606.261,P<0.001),normal BMI range(χ^(2)=436.332,P<0.001),recommended salt intake(χ^(2)=446.994,P<0.001),recommended oil intake(χ^(2)=117.213,P<0.001),and food nutrition labels(χ^(2)=9.434,P=0.002)all increased,with statistically significant differences.The rate of smoking decreased(χ^(2)=101.148,P<0.001),and the proportion of adequate vegetable intake(χ^(2)=28.143,P<0.001),salt intake control(χ^(2)=289.811,P<0.001),oil intake control(χ^(2)=974.809,P<0.001)and using waist scale(χ^(2)=265.646,P<0.001)all increased significantly.There were no significant differences among the residents in the proportion of harm

关 键 词：慢性病综合防控示范区 健康行为 健康知识 影响评价 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]