我国居民应急素养现状及其影响因素调查分析  

Survey and Analysis of the Current Situation of Emergency Literacy and Its Influencing Factors Among Chinese Residents

作　　者：秦海波[1,2] 谢仲玄 邱倩文 QIN Haibo;XIE Zhongxuan;QIU Qianwen(School of Politics and Public Administration,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830046,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of National Security Research,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830046,China;Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou Guangdong 510440,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学政治与公共管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学国家安全研究省部共建协同创新中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [3]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510440

出　　处：《安全》2023年第3期10-19,共10页Safety & Security

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJ2022G074);新疆大学博士科研启动基金(BS160104);新疆大学马克思主义理论研究项目(MLL202015)。

摘　　要：为提升我国居民应急素养,在文献分析、专家咨询基础上构建包含公共卫生、自然灾害、事故灾难和社会安全4类突发事件为维度的居民应急素养测量量表,运用Kruscal-wallis H秩检验和logistic回归分析讨论我国居民应急素养的差异及影响因素;根据调查结果提出提升居民应急素养的对策建议。结果显示:该量表信效度较好;我国居民应急素养处于中等偏上水平,不同区域、性别、年龄段、学历、城乡类型居民在不同维度上表现出一定的差异;女性、西部地区、≤20岁年龄段、身体素质较好、能主动学习应急知识、比较关注突发事件报道等居民应急素养较高。研究建议,通过完善顶层设计、强化政策引导,激发应急意识、培育安全文化,创新科普方式、提升学习效果以提升居民应急素养。In order to improve the emergency literacy of Chinese residents,this paper constructs Resident Emergency Literacy Scale based on literature analysis and expert consultation,which contains four categories of emergencies:public health,natural disasters,accidents and disasters,and social security.Firstly,the Kruscal-wallis H-rank test and logistic regression analysis were used to discuss the differences and the influencing factors of residents'emergency literacy.Then according to the survey results,countermeasure suggestions were proposed to improve residents'emergency literacy.The results show that the scale has good reliability and validity,the emergency literacy of Chinese residents was above the average level,and residents in different regions,gender,age groups,education,and urban and rural types showed some differences in different dimensions;"female,western region,~20 years old age group,better physical quality,able to actively learn emergency knowledge,pay more concerned about emergency event reports et al."have higher emergency literacy among residents.The study suggests that residents'emergency literacy should be improved by improving top-level design,strengthening policy guidance,stimulating emergency awareness,cultivating safety culture,and innovating science popularization methods and enhancing learning effects.

关 键 词：应急素养 突发事件 测量量表 影响因素 居民 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学] C915[经济管理]