驱虫药咪唑苯脲的临床应用研究进展  

Research Progress of Clinical Administration of Imidocarb as an Insecticide

作　　者：熊常明 杨光友[1] Xiong Changming;Yang Guangyou(College of Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物医学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2023年第4期85-92,共8页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室开放课题项目(2021KCPB-01)。

摘　　要：咪唑苯脲是一种世界公认较安全可靠的动物专用抗原虫药,被广泛应用于治疗和预防梨形虫病、边虫病、锥虫病和附红细胞体病等。该药具有代谢吸收快、分布广泛、消除缓慢、血药半衰期长的特点,常用于牛、羊、猪等规模养殖动物的原虫病治疗,近年也常被用于宠物原虫病的治疗,获得了良好效果。大多数情况下此药副作用微小,但应禁止与胆碱酯酶抑制剂联合使用。目前在牛羊组织和奶中均能够检测到该药的残留,是否对人体有危害尚不清楚。由于长期被广泛使用,近年研究发现一些原虫对咪唑苯脲产生了耐药性。未来应对咪唑苯脲的杀虫效果做深入探索,确定更准确的杀虫谱和给药方案;同时进一步研究其对人体是否存在危害,进而确定停药时间和最大残留量。本文主要对咪唑苯脲的临床应用效果、药物残留、副作用和耐药性方面进行了综述,旨在为临床上合理使用该药提供参考。Imidocarb,as a safe and reliable insecticide for protozoa in animals recognized by all countries,has been widely used for piroplasmosis,anaplasmosis,trypanosomosis,eperythrozoonosis and other diseases.The drug was characterized by rapid metabolism and absorption,wide distribution,stubbornness and long half-life,and was usually used to treat protozoosis in cattle,sheep,pigs,and other animals kept in an intensive way,and also in pets in recent years,with good effects.It should be prohibited to use the drug together with cholinesterase inhibitors,although its side effects were minor in most cases.At present,drug residues could be detected from the tissues and milk of cow and sheep,but it was unclear whether it was harmful to human health.However,it was found by recent researches,that drug resistance was produced in some protozoa to imidocarb because the drug had been widely used for a long term.The effect of imidocarb should be further studied to determine a more accurate insecticidal spectrum and administration plan,meanwhile,whether it was harmful to human should be further studied to determine its withdrawal time and maximum residual limit.In the paper,the effect of clinical application,drug residues,side effects,and drug resistance of imidocarb were summarized,with a view to providing a reference to rationally use the drug in clinical practice.

关 键 词：咪唑苯脲 临床使用 副作用 残留 耐药性 

分 类 号：S855.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]