圆锥盘推板式水田侧深施肥双行排肥器设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Conical-disc Push Plate Double-row Fertilizer Apparatus for Side-deep Fertilization in Paddy Field

作　　者：王金峰[1] 付佐栋 翁武雄 王震涛 王金武[1] 杨东泽 WANG Jinfeng;FU Zuodong;WENG Wuxiong;WANG Zhentao;WANG Jinwu;YANG Dongze(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第2期53-62,106,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD200060502)。

摘　　要：为提高水田侧深施肥排肥器稳定性与均匀性,增强肥量调节能力,保证水田侧深施肥作业效率与质量,结合黑龙江地区水田施肥农艺要求,设计了一种圆锥盘推板式双行排肥器。阐述了排肥器工作原理,构建了肥料不同阶段的力学模型,确定了圆锥转盘结构参数与临界转速;应用离散元软件EDEM仿真分析推板数量对肥料填充能力与排肥性能的影响规律,得出推板数量为8时,排肥器具有最佳排肥性能;采用全因子试验方法开展圆锥转盘转速为15~45 r/min、排肥口开度为5~25 mm条件下排肥器排肥量和排肥性能的台架试验,试验结果表明,排肥量范围为122~934 kg/hm^(2),与圆锥转盘转速和排肥口开度均具有较高的线性相关性,且与圆锥转盘转速相关性最高;双行排肥量一致性变异系数、总排肥量稳定性变异系数和排肥均匀性变异系数范围分别为1.01%~3.88%、1.05%~3.81%、6.64%~15.79%,排肥器倾斜状态下双行排肥量一致性变异系数最大值为6.17%,试验结果满足水田侧深施肥性能要求。In order to improve the stability and uniformity of paddy field side deep fertilizing and discharging apparatus,enhance the ability of fertilizer regulation,and ensure the efficiency and quality of paddy field side deep fertilizing apparatus,a kind of conical-disc and push plate double-row fertilizer apparatus was designed according to the agronomic requirements of paddy field fertilizing in Heilongjiang Province.The working principle of the fertilizer apparatus was described,the mechanical models of different stages of fertilizer were constructed,and the structural parameters and critical speed were determined.The influence of the number of push plates on the fertilizer filling capacity and fertilizer discharge performance was simulated and analyzed by using the discrete element software EDEM.It was concluded that when the number of push plates was 8,the fertilizer discharge apparatus had the best fertilizer discharge performance.The full factor test method was used to carry out the bench test of the fertilizer discharge capacity and performance of the fertilizer apparatus under the condition that the rotating speed of the conical-disc ranged from 15 r/min to 45 r/min and the opening of the fertilizer discharge port ranged from 5 mm to 25 mm.The results showed that the range of fertilizer discharge was 122~934 kg/hm^(2),which had a high linear correlation with the rotating speed of conical-disc and the opening of fertilizer discharge port,and had the highest correlation with the rotating speed of conical-disc.The variation coefficients of consistency of double row fertilizer discharge,stability of total fertilizer discharge and uniformity of fertilizer discharge ranged from 1.01% to 3.88%,1.05% to 3.81% and 6.64% to 15.79%,respectively.The maximum variation coefficients of consistency of double row fertilizer discharge under the inclined state of fertilizer apparatus was 6.17%.The experimental results met the requirements of paddy field side deep fertilization performance.The research result may provide a refere

关 键 词：推板式排肥器 水田 侧深施肥 

分 类 号：S224.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]