HLA-DR与感染性疾病  

HLA-DR and infectious diseases

作　　者：汝佳秋 夏妍[1] 张淑云[1] Ru Jiaqiu;Xia Yan;Zhang Shuyun(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Scientic Research Center,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院科研实验中心,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《国际免疫学杂志》2022年第6期622-628,共7页International Journal of Immunology

基　　金：吴阶平医学基金会临床科研专项资助基金(320.6750.18230)。

摘　　要：人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)系统是人类基因组中最具多态性的,因其抗原呈递和调节功能而居于免疫系统的核心位置,与感染性疾病的发生和转归等密切相关。HLA-Ⅱ类分子包括经典的HLA-DR、DP和DQ及非经典的DM和DO,其中HLA-DR等位基因已超过3800个,应是超多态。HLA-DR基因座位包含1个DRA基因和多个DRB基因,其中DRA基因是单态,而DRB基因有9个,已构成了5种HLA-DR单倍型,即DR1、DR8、DR51、DR52和DR53。HLA-DR基因区域在进化中形成了鲜明的多基因、超多态和第二表达DRB基因等特点。文章将着重综述HLA-DR位点的结构和功能特点及其与感染性疾病的关系。The human leukocyte antigen(HLA)system is the most polymorphic gene in the human genome.It is the core of the immune system because of its antigen presentation and regulation function,and is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of infectious diseases.HLA classⅡmolecules include classical HLA-DR,DP and DQ and nonclassical DM and DO.There are more than 3800 HLA-DR alleles,which should be hyperpolymorphic.HLA-DR gene locus contains one DRA gene and multiple DRB genes.Among them,DRA gene is monomorphic,while there are nine DRB genes,which have constituted five HLA-DR haplotypes,namely DR1,DR8,DR51,DR52 and DR53.HLA-DR gene region has formed distinct characteristics of polygene,hyperpolymorphic and the second expression DRB gene in evolution.This review will focus on the structural and functional characteristics of HLA-DR locus and its relationship with infectious diseases.

关 键 词：人类白细胞抗原 人类白细胞抗原-DR 感染性疾病 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]