1904年第二次英国侵藏战争的赔款问题  

The Chinese Indemnity for the Second British Invasion War to Tibet in 1904

作　　者：李文杰[1] LI Wenjie(Department of history,East China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,上海200241

出　　处：《清史研究》2023年第2期121-130,共10页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：2016年上海市浦江人才计划“晚清外交官与20世纪初期的西藏局势”(16PJC023);中央高校基本业务费项目“晚清以来的边疆治理与中外纷争”(2021QKT008)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1904年侵藏战争中,英军强迫西藏地方政府签订所谓“条约”,要求赔款750万卢比作为“惩罚”。为避免赔款超出西藏地方的承受范围,致使对方消极应对,同时也为了避免英军长久地驻扎西藏,导致英俄在该地区争端升级,英国内阁从国际形势出发,将赔款总额降低至250万卢比。清政府为了彰显对西藏主权,积极向英方直接交款。尽管直接交款的形式遭拒,但清政府利用江海关关税,转手西藏地方政府,在两年半付清全款,合计上海规银122.6万两,促成英军撤离,保留了对藏主权阐释的主动权。In the second invasion of Tibet in 1904, the British army forced the Tibetan local government to sign the so-called “Lhasa Treaty” and asked the local Tibetan government to pay 7.5 million rupees as “punishment.” To avoid the negative response of the Tibetans and the long-term occupation of British troops in Tibet, which could lead to the escalation of disputes between Britain and Russia in the region, the British cabinet reduced the total amount of the indemnity to 2.5 million rupees.In order to demonstrate Chinese sovereignty, the Qing government actively made direct payments to the British. Using the customs duties of Jiangnan Customs, the Qing government made full payment within two and a half years to facilitate the withdrawal of the British army, as well as reserved the initiative to affirm China’s sovereignty over Tibet.

关 键 词：第二次侵藏战争 赔款 近代西藏 外务部 

分 类 号：K257.9[历史地理—历史学]