2001-2020年河南省麻疹流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during2001-2020

作　　者：路明霞[1] 肖占沛[1] 马雅婷[1] 李致远 徐瑾[1] 张延炀[1] LU Mingxia;XIAO Zhanpei;MA Yating;LI Zhiyuan;XU Jin;ZHANG Yanyang(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China;Zhengzhou University)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016 [2]郑州大学

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2023年第1期34-37,76,共5页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20200124)。

摘　　要：目的 分析河南省2001-2020年麻疹流行特征,总结麻疹流行规律,为消除麻疹工作提供参考。方法 对来源于《河南省疫情资料汇编》、中国传染病监测信息报告管理系统、麻疹监测报告管理系统、中国免疫规划信息管理系统的监测信息进行整理,同时根据麻疹防控策略的不同,每5年作为一个分析时段,采用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2001-2020年河南省共报告麻疹病例数和死亡数分别为66 697例和62例,年均发病率和死亡率分别是3.47/10万和0.004/10万;发病率最高是2007年(10.41/10万),最低是2020年(0.02/10万);有9年无死亡病例报告。共报告暴发疫情522起,暴发病例4 273例,占病例总数的6.40%;暴发疫情最多的是2005年,报告144起;有5年无暴发疫情报告。以5年为一阶段,2006-2010年平均发病率和平均死亡率均最高,分别为8.02/10万和0.009 8/10万,有13个省辖市发病率超过6/10万;2016-2020年最低,分别为0.45/10万和0.000 2/10万。3-5月是发病高峰,占病例总数的60.39%;0~1岁、2~14岁和≥15岁病例分别占病例总数的43.96%、43.62%和12.42%;有免疫史、无免疫史和免疫史不详者分别占21.99%、51.14%和26.87%。结论 2001-2020年河南省麻疹发病整体呈显著下降趋势,尤其是2011年强化免疫之后下降趋势更明显,但局部地区仍有较大发病风险。提高麻疹疫苗接种及时率,对重点人群持续开展查漏补种,加大监测力度,提高监测系统敏感性将是未来全省麻疹防控重点工作。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2001-2020, summarize regularity of measles in Henan province, and provide the reference for the elimination of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance information from Henan Provincial Epidemic Data Compilation, China Infectious Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System, Measles Surveillance Reporting Management System, and China Immunization Program Information Management System with every 5 years as an analysis period. Results From 2001 to 2020, a total of 66 697 measles cases and 62 deaths were reported in Henan Province, with an average annual incidence of 3.47/100 000and an average annual mortality of 0.004/100 000, respectively. The highest incidence rate was in 2007(10.41/100 000), and the lowest was in 2020(0.02/100 000). There were no deaths reported during the nine years. A total of 522 outbreaks were reported including 4 273 cases, which accounted for 6.4% of the total cases. The most outbreaks occurred in 2005, with 144 reports. There was no outbreak report for 5 years. Taking five years as a stage, the average incidence rate and average mortality rate from 2006 to2010 were both the highest, which were 8.02/100 000 and 0.009 8/100 000, respectively. The incidence rates in 13 cities under the jurisdiction of provinces exceeded 6/100 000;from 2016 to 2020, they were the lowest, 0.45/100 000 and 0.000 2/100 000,respectively. The peak of the epidemic occurred between March-May, with the number of cases accounting for 60.39% of the total number of cases. Cases aged 0-1, 2-14 and ≥15 years accounted for 43.96%, 43.62% and 12.42%, respectively. Of the total cases, 21.99% had immunization history, 51.14% had no immunization history, and 26.87% had unknown immunization history.Conclusion Overall, the measles incidence in Henan province showed a significant decline, especially after the implementation of expanding the immune program in 2011, and there is still a high r

关 键 词：麻疹 流行特征 河南省 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]