2018-2021年河南省国家免疫规划疫苗损耗情况分析  

Analysis on the loss of vaccines in the National Immunization Program of Henan,2018-2021

作　　者：王燕[1] 白祎然 欧柳阳 路明霞[1] 王长双[1] 郭涛 张明瑜[1] 马雅婷[1] 肖占沛[1] 张延炀[1] WANG Yan;BAI Yiran;OU Liuyang;LU Mingxia;WANG Changshuang;GUO Tao;ZHANG Mingyu;MA Yating;XIAO Zhanpei;ZHANG Yanyang(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2023年第1期47-51,共5页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20200126)。

摘　　要：目的 分析河南省国家免疫规划疫苗损耗情况,为合理制定免疫规划疫苗采购、供应计划提供依据。方法 整理2018-2021年河南省免疫规划疫苗发货量、库存量和疫苗实际接种量数据进行分析。结果 2018-2021年,河南省国家免疫规划疫苗总体损耗系数分别为1.30、1.33、1.22、1.16。单支单剂次、单支多剂次包装疫苗损耗系数分别在1.04~1.10、1.49~2.10之间。全省18个地区总体疫苗损耗系数在1.21~1.32之间,疫苗损耗最低的是安阳市和新乡市,最高的是信阳市和周口市。单支多剂次包装疫苗开启后,未接种完需半小时、一小时、当天内废弃的疫苗损耗系数分别为2.10、1.79、1.61。口服Ⅰ型Ⅲ型脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(bOPV)滴剂、糖丸剂型损耗系数分别为1.69和1.43。结论河南省国家免疫规划疫苗损耗系数逐年下降,单支单剂次包装疫苗损耗低于单支多剂次包装疫苗。单支多剂次疫苗包装越小、开启后可保留时间越长,疫苗损耗越小。bOPV糖丸剂型损耗低于滴剂。Objective To analyze the loss of vaccines in the National Immunization Program of Henan(NIPH), so as to provide a basis for rational formulation of procurement and supply plans of the vaccines in NIPH. Methods Data on shipment, inventory and actual vaccination volume of NIPH from 2018 to 2021 were collected and analyzed in Henan. Results From 2018 to 2021,the overall loss coefficients of vaccines in NIPH were 1.30, 1.33, 1.22 and 1.16, respectively. The loss coefficients of single-dose and multi-dose vaccines were 1.04-1.10 and 1.49-2.10, respectively. The overall loss coefficient of the 18 prefecture cities was between 1.21 and 1.32, with the lowest vaccine loss in Anyang and Xinxiang and the highest in Xinyang and Zhoukou. After the opening of the vaccine with multi-doses per vial, the loss coefficient of discarded vaccine in half an hour, an hour, and one day were 2.10, 1.79 and 1.61, respectively. The loss coefficients of Poliomyelitis Vaccine Type Ⅰ Type Ⅲ in Dragee Candy(bOPV)drops and sugar pill were 1.69 and 1.43, respectively. Conclusion The Loss coefficients of vaccines in NIPH have been decreasing year by year in Henan. The loss of vaccines with single-dose per vial is lower than that of vaccines with multi-doses per vial. The smaller the package for vaccine with multi-doses per vial, the longer the retention time after opening, and the smaller the vaccine loss. The loss coefficient of bOPV sugar pill is lower than that of drops.

关 键 词：免疫规划疫苗 损耗系数 疫苗管理 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]