混凝土薄板结构振动声辐射试验与分析  

Experiment and analysis of vibration and sound radiation of concrete slab structure

作　　者：罗锟[1,2] 江理超 姜兴 雷晓燕[1,2] 李琼 LUO Kun;JIANG Lichao;JIANG Xing;LEI Xiaoyan;LI Qiong(Engineering Research Center of Railway Environment Vibration and Noise Ministry of Education,East China Jiao tong University,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiao tong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学铁路环境振动与噪声教育部工程研究中心,南昌330013 [2]华东交通大学轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2023年第1期155-162,共8页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178424,51868023);江西省自然科学基金(20224ACB204018);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ200630)。

摘　　要：针对低频的结构振动声辐射问题,以几何尺寸为1.6 m×1.6 m×0.06 m的混凝土薄板为研究对象,在半消声室中采用单点激励的方法,试验研究了不同荷载幅值、频率、激励位置对混凝土薄板振动声辐射特性的影响,并通过正交试验设计,分析了混凝土薄板结构辐射声压对激振荷载的敏感性.研究结果表明:随着激振力幅值的增大,混凝土薄板结构辐射的声压越大,且在激振幅值增大一倍时,结构振动加速度和声压也随之增大近一倍;第一阶模态固有频率对结构振动贡献最大,该频率下的结构噪声辐射值也最大;通过激励点位置在薄板对角线上的改变,发现激振点位置对于空间场点的声压影响明显,但远场点影响相对较小;以场点峰值声压作为指标,通过正交试验分析,确定激振频率对薄板结构声辐射的影响最大,激振幅值次之,激励位置影响最小.Aiming at the problem of acoustic radiation in low-frequency structural vibration,this paper takes the 1.6 m×1.6 m×0.06 m concrete slab as the research object.To experimentally study the influence of different load amplitude,frequency and excitation position on vibration acoustic radiation characteristics of concrete slab,the single-point excitation method is adopted in the semi-anechoic chamber.The sensitivity of the radiated sound pressure of concrete slab structure to the excitation load is analyzed by orthogonal test design.The results show that with the increase of the excitation force amplitude,the sound pressure radiated by the concrete slab structure is large,and when the excitation amplitude doubles,the structural vibration acceleration and sound pressure also double.The firstorder inherent modal frequency contributes the most to the structural vibration,and the structural noise radiation value at this frequency is also the largest.By changing the excitation point position on the diagonal of the thin slab,it is found that the excitation point position has a significant effect on the sound pressure at the spatial space field point,but the influence of far field point is relatively small.Taking the peak sound pressure of the field point as the index,through orthogonal test analysis,it is determined that the excitation frequency has the greatest influence on the sound radiation of thin slab structure,followed by the excitation amplitude value,and the excitation position has the least influence.

关 键 词：混凝土薄板结构 结构噪声 振动声辐射 敏感性分析 试验研究 

分 类 号：U24[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]