第三次分配若干基本问题的再认识  

The Recognition of Basic Issues about the Third Distribution

作　　者：黄春蕾 HUANG Chunlei(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期1-7,共7页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划重点项目(22BSHJ01)。

摘　　要：近年来,第三次分配成为实现共同富裕的新议题。目前对于第三次分配概念和功能的认识还存在争议或偏差,对第三次分配机制的揭示尚不充分。对比已有观点,在概念上,第三次分配是受道德情感驱动的、以社会自助互助方式开展的分配活动,慈善是第三次分配中具有公共性和开放性的一种特殊形态,而捐赠是慈善的一个环节;在功能上,第三次分配是满足人的道德需要和多样化社会服务需要的基础性社会福利制度,但也面临稳定性不足、负外部性、治理失灵等局限;在运行机制上,区别于个体主义视角,第三次分配的社会化运行逻辑是“社会认同—社会互动—社会融合—社会规范”。建议打破行业和体制壁垒,创新社会治理机制,促进第三次分配主体间联动和资源整合;制定家庭政策和志愿服务政策,优化社会政策体系;将完善慈善法规与加强慈善教育、健全行业规范和信用制度相结合;重视第三次分配理论研究,提高研究的开放性,坚持传统与现代相结合,加强跨学科交流互鉴。In recent years,the third distribution has become a new issue for common prosperity.There are still controversial or deviant understanding on the concept and function of the third allocation,and inadequate disclosure of the third allocation mechanism.Comparing existing views,this article argues that the third distribution is driven by moral emotions and carried out in the form of social self-help and mutual assistance.Charity is a special form with publicity and openness of the third distribution,and giving is a part of charity.While the third distribution is a basic social welfare system that meets human moral needs and diversified social service needs,it also has limitations such as instability,negative externality and governance failures.The third distribution follows the socialized mechanism“social identity-social interaction-social integration-social norms”,which is different from the individualism mechanism.This paper proposes to break down the industrial and institutional barriers,to innovate social governance mechanisms to promote the linkage between the third distribution subjects and resources integration,to develop social policies specially in the family policy and voluntary service policy,to improve charity laws as well as charity education and the construction of industry norms and credit system,to pay more attention to theoretical and open research on the third distribution and the combination of tradition and modernity,to strengthen interdisciplinary exchanges and mutual learning.

关 键 词：第三次分配 共同富裕 福利制度 社会互助 慈善 社会化机制 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学]