乡村转型中的欲望书写——莫言小说《野骡子》的社会心理剖析  

Writing of Desire in Rural Transformation——Analysis of the social psychology revealed in Mo Yan′s novel Wild Mule

作　　者：李宗辉 邓谦林 LI Zong-hui;DENG Qian-lin(Department of Literature and Journalism,Hunan First Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410205,China;Institute of Literature,Hunan Academy of Social Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410003,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南第一师范学院文学与新闻传播学院,湖南长沙410205 [2]湖南省社会科学院文学研究所,湖南长沙410003

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期152-156,共5页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

摘　　要：莫言的《野骡子》是一部反映当代中国乡村社会转型的中篇小说。小说展现了一个屠宰专业村失范的生存状态,揭示了村民的变态欲望。欲望是人基于身心的匮乏和外界的诱因而生的满足需求,包括食欲、情欲、物欲等方面,有常态和变态之分,不可简单否定,它既是一种建设性的力量也是破坏性的魁首。特殊时期的批判、运动导致乡土生活经验断裂和传统礼俗毁坏,同时现代法理不彰与本能肆虐无拘,导致人们身心的匮乏感和满足需求畸强,破坏了社会生态的平衡。小说主人公罗通是一个失败的英雄,具有乡土社会遗存的理想品性,是一种平衡社会生态的力量。失范不是解放,继承和发展优良礼俗,更有利于爱欲的解放和社会的发展。Mo Yan′s Wild Mule is a novella reflecting the transformation of rural society in contemporary China.The novel shows the abnormal living state of a livestock slaughtering village and reveals the abnormal desires of the villagers.Desires are a kind of satisfaction demand arising on the basis of physical and mental deprivation and external inducements,including appetite,sexual passion,material desire and so on.Desires can be categorized into normal and abnormal ones,which cannot be simply negated.They are both a constructive force and a destructive ringleader.The criticism and other movements in the special periods led to the breakage of local life experience and the destruction of traditional etiquette and custom.At the same time,the lack of modern jurisprudence and the rampant instinct brought about a sense of scarcity to people both in body and mind and an abnormally strong demand for satisfaction,which destroyed the balance of social ecology.Luo Tong,the protagonist of the novel,is a failed hero.He has the ideal moral character left over in rural society,which is a force to balance the social ecology.Anomie does not mean liberation.Inheritance and development of good customs are more conducive to the liberation of the desire for love and the development of society.

关 键 词：《野骡子》 欲望 匮乏制造 社会转型 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]