收益视角下调动农民种粮积极性机制构建研究  

Research on the Construction of Mechanism to Mobilize Farmers’Enthusiasm for Grain Production from the Perspective of Income

作　　者：钟钰[1] 巴雪真 Zhong Yu;Ba Xuezhen

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中州学刊》2023年第4期62-70,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“耕地-技术-政策融合视角的‘两藏’战略研究”(21ZDA056);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(10-IAED-01-2023);北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心项目/北京社会科学基金项目“习近平总书记关于粮食安全的重要论述研究”(22LLGLC068)。

摘　　要：全方位夯实粮食安全根基,根本在于调动农民种粮积极性,而调动农民种粮积极性的关键是保障农民种粮收益。当前种粮收益较低导致农民种粮积极性并不高,突出表现为稳住种粮面积压力大、粗放经营及撂荒现象蔓延、耕地“非粮化”加剧、种粮主体趋向弱质化等特征;从深层次原因来看,种粮补贴力度与发达国家存在差距、粮食收益增幅低于生产成本增幅、粮食作物与经济作物存在明显效益差、种粮收入与非农收入差距逐渐扩大等是造成农民种粮积极性不高的主要原因。鉴于此,未来需要从优化种粮政策、控制种粮成本、提升粮食综合效益、强化种粮服务等四个层面构建调动农民种粮积极性的机制,确保以农民为主体的粮食生产体系健康可持续。To consolidate the foundation of food security in an all-round way,the fundamental lies in mobilizing farmers’enthusi⁃asm for grain cultivation,and the key to mobilizing farmers’enthusiasm for grain cultivation is to ensure farmers’income from grain cultivation.The current low income from grain cultivation has led to low farmers’enthusiasm for grain cultivation,which is character⁃ized by high pressure to stabilize the area of grain cultivation,extensive management and the spread of abandonment,the intensification of“non grain”cultivation of cultivated land,and the weakening of grain cultivation entities.From a deeper perspective,the main rea⁃sons for farmers’low enthusiasm for grain cultivation are the gap between grain subsidies and developed countries,the lower growth rate of grain income than production costs,the significant benefit difference between grain crops and cash crops,and the gradual expan⁃sion of the gap between grain income and non agricultural income.In view of this,in the future,it is necessary to build a mechanism to mobilize farmers’enthusiasm for grain cultivation from four aspects:optimizing grain cultivation policies,controlling grain cultiva⁃tion costs,improving comprehensive grain benefits,and strengthening grain cultivation services,to ensure the healthy and sustainable grain production system with farmers as the subject.

关 键 词：种粮积极性 种粮收益 机制构建 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]