我国深部矿井热环境调控研究近20 a进展及展望  

Research Status and Prospect of Thermal Environment Regulation of the Deep Mine of China in the Past 20 Years

作　　者：王运敏[1,2,3] 李刚 徐宇[1,4] 任甲泽 贾敏涛 周伟[1,2,3] WANG Yunmin;LI Gang;XU Yu;REN Jiaze;JIA Mintao;ZHOU Wei(State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines,Maanshan 243000,China;Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Maanshan 243000,China;Huawei National Engineering Research Center of High Efficiency Cyclic Utilization of Metallic Mineral Resources Co.,Ltd.,Maanshan 243000,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司,安徽马鞍山243000 [3]华唯金属矿产资源高效循环利用国家工程研究中心有限公司,安徽马鞍山243000 [4]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第3期1-13,共13页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2022YFC2904104);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52274247);金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:2022-JSKSSYS-03);湖南省自然科学基金项目(编号:2022JJ30050)。

摘　　要：随着矿井开采水平向深部转移,高地温热害成为资源安全开采面临的重要难题。矿井通风与空气调节逐渐成为深部矿产资源开发的主要耗能形式,影响着矿井生产运营成本和资源开发的可持续性。概述了矿井通风传热理论发展脉络和矿井降温技术研究现状,剖析了目前常用的降温技术特点,在此基础上展望了深部矿井热环境调控的未来重点发展方向。结果表明:机械制冷通风降温是目前主要的矿井热害治理方式,但存在成本高、维护困难、冷量利用率低、降温效果不理想等不足。为提高深部矿井热害治理效果,应秉持“节源开流”的新思路,在矿井开拓过程中实施主动降温措施,并采取多种方式进行联合降温。此外,可结合智能通风系统精准控温降低冷量消耗,采用循环通风降温技术提高冷量利用率,应用高性能降温防护服应对特殊高温场景。将传统矿井热害治理技术思路转变为地热资源利用理念,实现矿井热环境调控与地热资源开采协同,是高效解决深井降温和升级矿井能源结构体系的关键。As mining engineering proceeds to increasingly greater depths,higher rock temperatures and thermal stress pose a major challenge for the safe and efficient exploitation of deep resources.Mine ventilation and air conditioning gradually becomes the main energy consumption in deep mineral resources development,and concerns the mine production environment and costs,and sustainability of mining industry.The development evolution of mine ventilation and heat transfer theory and the research status of mine cooling technology are summarized.Besides,the characteristics of common cooling technology in mines are analyzed,and the future development direction of mine thermal environment control is forecasted.The study results show that:At present,the method of mechanical refrigeration and ventilation cooling is the main choice for mine heat hazard control,but it do not efficiently meet the cooling requirements of deep mines owing to high operational cost,difficult maintenance,low cooling efficiency,and low cooling capacity.To improve the effect of heat hazard control in deep mines,the new idea of“reducing source and opening flow”should be advocated,active cooling measures should be carried out during mine development,and multiple cooling methods should be implemented simultaneously.In addition,the cooling system combined with intelligent ventilation can control temperature more accurately and reduces the requirement of cooling capability.Circulation ventilation cooling technology can be adopted to improve the utilization rate of cooling capacity.High-performance cooling protective clothing should be developed and applied in special high-temperature working scenarios.The key to cooling the deep mine effectively and upgrading the energy structure is to transform the traditional technical thinking of heat hazard control into the conception of geothermal resource utilization in mines,and combine mine thermal environment control and geothermal resource exploitation.

关 键 词：深井热害 热害治理 巷道传热 机械制冷降温 主动式降温 智能通风系统 地热资源 

分 类 号：TD727[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]