矿物表面润湿性调控对固液界面水化膜的影响  

Influence of Surface Wettability Regulation on Hydration Films at the Solid-Liquid Interface

作　　者：栗褒 车道昌 郭建英[1] 杨志超[1] 刘生玉[1] LI Bao;CHE Daochang;GUO Jianying;YANG Zhichao;LIU Shengyu(College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第3期135-139,共5页Metal Mine

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划青年项目(编号:20210302124351);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(编号:2022-061)。

摘　　要：浮选过程中固液界面水化膜的薄化、破裂是影响浮选效果的关键因素。为阐明矿物表面润湿性变化对固液界面水化膜的影响,以石墨为研究对象,利用双氧水和表面活性剂对石墨进行润湿性调控,采用原子力显微镜探针技术(AFM)对其表面水化膜的结构、厚度等进行直接表征,并对其影响机制进行研究。结果表明:矿物表面水化膜厚度随其氧化程度的增加而增加,且由氧化所增加的亲水性极性基团主要增加了矿物表面水化膜中有序层的厚度;表面活性剂的吸附可以对矿物表面上的含氧基团进行有效覆盖,从而使固液界面水化膜结构发生变化,其中低表面活性剂浓度下,固液界面水化膜中有序层结构向过渡层转变,可减小水化膜中有序层厚度;高表面活性剂浓度下,表面活性剂的过量吸附仅能造成水化膜中过渡层厚度的增加,有序层厚度不会发生显著变化。浮选过程中浮选药剂少量的过量添加是有益于亲水性矿物表面水化膜的薄化与破裂的。The thinning and rupture of the hydration film at the solid-liquid interface are the key factors affecting the flotation performance.In order to clarify the influence of mineral surface wettability changes on the hydration film,graphite was used as the research object,and hydrogen peroxide and surfactants were used to regulate the surface wettability of graphite.The structure and thickness of the hydration film were directly characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM),and the mechanism was studied.The results showed that the thickness of the hydration film increased with the degree of graphite oxidation,and the hydrophilic polar groups increased by oxidation mainly increased the thickness of the ordered layer in the hydration film;The surfactant adsorption can effectively cover the oxygen-containing groups on the mineral surface,thereby changing the structure of the hydration film.The ordered layer in the hydration film transformed to the transition layer,which can reduce the thickness of the ordered layer under low surfactant concentration,while the excessive adsorption of the surfactant could only increase the thickness of the transition layer,and the thickness of the ordered layer would not change significantly.In the flotation process,a small amount of excess agent is beneficial to the thinning and rupture of the hydration film on the hydrophilic mineral surface.

关 键 词：水化膜 润湿性 浮选 原子力显微镜 

分 类 号：TD91[矿业工程—选矿] TD923