双锥结构设计对旋流器流场特性与分离性能的影响  

Effects of Dual Cone Structure on the Flow Field Characteristic and Separation Performance of Hydrocyclones

作　　者：魏可峰 赵强[2] 康长科 张朔 崔宝玉[2] 刘克爽 WEI Kefeng;ZHAO Qiang;KANG Zhangke;ZHANG Shuo;CUI Baoyu;LIU Keshuang(Shen Kan Engineering and Technology Corporation,MCC,Shenyang 110169,China;School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Heilongjiang Duobaoshan Copper Industry Co.,Ltd.,Heihe 164300,China)

机构地区：[1]中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司,辽宁沈阳110169 [2]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [3]黑龙江多宝山铜业股份有限公司,黑龙江黑河164300

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第3期214-221,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51874075,52204265)。

摘　　要：复合锥旋流器的分离性能通常优于单锥旋流器,但锥段组合方式对旋流分离过程的影响机制尚未明晰,导致复合锥的结构优化设计仍主要基于生产经验。针对实验室ϕ150 mm水力旋流器,采用RSM湍流模型和TFM多相流模型系统考察了双锥结构中不同锥段锥角大小(10°、15°、20°和30°)及组合顺序对旋流器流场特性和分离性能的影响,并与常规单锥旋流器进行了对比。结果表明,双锥结构锥角大小的影响与单锥锥角影响规律基本一致,分离性能介于组成双锥结构的2种单锥结构之间,但沉砂分配曲线受小锥锥角影响更为明显。不同锥段具有各自独特的作用,其中大锥主要通过影响压降和切向速度来控制旋流器的离心强度和分离精度,而小锥主要通过影响沉砂口附近物料堆积状态和轴向速度分布来控制分离粒度、水分流比和沉砂颗粒产率。在相同工况条件下,通过合理匹配不同锥段,可显著改善旋流器分离性能,其中DC-Ⅰ结构(30°+10°)的分离粒度最小(d_(50)=15.34μm),而DC-Ⅳ结构(10°+30°)的分离精度最高(α=7.34)且能耗最低(P=67.09 kPa)。研究结果可为双锥旋流器结构设计与优化提供理论指导。The separation performance of the compound cone hydrocyclone is generally better than that of the single cone design,but the influence mechanism of the combination method of cone sections on separation process has not been fully understood yet,making the structural optimization of composite cone mainly based on production experience.Taking a laboratoryϕ150 mm hydrocyclone as the research object,the influences of the cone angle(10°,15°,20°,and 30°)and combination order of different conical sections on the flow field characteristics and separation performance of dual cone hydrocyclones were investigated using the RSM turbulence model and TFM multiphase flow model,which were also compared with single cone hydrocyclones.The results showed that the influence of cone angle in the dual cone structure is basically the same as that in the single cone,and its separation performance is just between those of two single-cone structures that make up the double-cone design.The partition curve,however,is mainly dependent on the small cone angle.Different conical sections showed distinct effects on separation process.The large cone mainly controls the centrifugal strength and separation sharpness by affecting the pressure drop and tangential velocity,while the small cone mainly determines the cut size,water split,and particle yield to the underflow by affecting the material packing and axial velocity near the spigot.Under the same operating conditions,the separation performance can be significantly improved by reasonably matching different cone sections.Specifically,DC-Ⅰ(30°+10°)has the smallest cut size(d50=15.34μm),while DC-Ⅳ(10°+30°)gives the highest cut sharpness(α=7.34)and lowest energy consumption(P=67.09 kPa).These results can provide theoretical guidance for the structural design and optimization of dual cone hydrocyclones.

关 键 词：水力旋流器 双锥结构 锥角 流场特性 分离性能 

分 类 号：TD921.5[矿业工程—选矿]