基于遥感生态指数的矿井关闭前后生态环境时空变化规律研究  

Study on the Spatio-temporal Variation Regularity of Ecological Environment before and after Mine Closure Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index

作　　者：秦璐 陈炳乾 于洋 杨家乐 杨宇 QIN Lu;CHEN Bingqian;YU Yang;YANG Jiale;YANG Yu(School of Geography,Geomatics and Planning,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou 221116,China;School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Chang′an University,Xi′an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学地理测绘与城乡规划学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第3期242-249,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41907240);中国博士后基金项目(编号:2019M663601);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(编号:PAPD);徐州市重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(编号:KC20180)。

摘　　要：我国煤炭资源丰富,煤炭资源开采为地方社会经济发展发挥支撑作用的同时,也对矿区周围的生态环境带来重大影响。近年来,随着煤矿资源枯竭和国家去产能政策的出台,大量煤矿被关闭。现有研究多关注开采过程中生态环境的变化,较少涉及关闭矿井后生态环境变化规律的研究。为此,以徐州贾汪关闭矿区为例,选取2009—2021年的Landsat 5和8影像,采用遥感生态指数(Remote Sensing Ecological Index,RSEI)方法动态监测分析了该矿区关闭前后生态环境的时空演化规律。研究表明:矿井关闭后矿区整体的生态质量呈上升趋势,其中权台矿的RSEI值由2009年的0.432上升至2021年的0.568,旗山矿的RSEI值由0.490上升至0.546。贾汪矿区生态等级差和较差区域所占的比例在减少,由2009年的41.51%降为2021年的29.06%;生态等级良和优的区域所占比例在增加,由2009年的36.4%升为2021年的47.36%。另外,生态指数较低的区域不太稳定,重心迁移较明显,生态指数较高的区域相对来说较稳定且集中。将生态结果与高分辨率影像进行可视化对比,反映出利用30 m分辨率的Landsat遥感影像对贾汪矿区进行RSEI指数评价具有一定的可靠性。Our country is rich in coal resources.While the mining of coal resources plays a supporting role in local social and economic development,it also has a major impact on the ecological environment around the mining area.In recent years,due to the depletion of some coal mine resources and the promulgation of the national overcapacity reduction policy,a large number of coal mines have been closed.Existing research focuses more on the changes in the ecological environment during the mining process,and seldom involves research on the changes in the ecological environment after mine closures.For this reason,this paper takes the Jiawang closed mining area in Xuzhou as the study object,selects Landsat 5 and 8 images from 2009 to 2021,and uses the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)method to dynamically monitor the temporal and spatial evolution of the ecological environment in the Jiawang mining area before and after the closure.The study results show that the overall ecological quality of the mining area is on the rise after the mine is closed.The RSEI value of Quantai Mine will increase from 0.432 in 2009 to 0.568 in 2021,and the RSEI value of Qishan Mine will increase from 0.490 to 0.546.The proportion of areas with poor and poor ecological grades in the Jiawang mining area is decreasing,from 41.51%in 2009 to 29.06%in 2021;while the proportion of areas with good and excellent ecological grades is increasing,from 36.4%in 2009 to 47.36%in 2021.In addition,areas with a low ecological index are not stable,and the center of gravity migration more obviously,while areas with a higher ecological index are relatively stable and concentrated.The visual comparison of the ecological results with the highresolution images shows that it is reliable to use the Landsat remote sensing image with 30 m resolution to evaluate the RSEI in-dex of Jiawang mining area.

关 键 词：关闭矿井 遥感生态指数 贾汪矿区 生态环境 GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]