8种园林小菊扦插苗在高原地区的低温适应性评价  

Evaluation of Low Temperature Adaptability of Eight Chrysanthemum Cuttings in Plateau Area

作　　者：唐有林 黄思杰 王海滨[3] 杨育文 李妍 田洁 刘明庆 TANG You-lin;HUANG Si-jie;WANG Hai-bin;YANG Yu-wen;LI Yan;TIAN Jie;LIU Ming-qing(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University/Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources,Xining 810016,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/青海省高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第1期42-50,共9页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：青海省科技厅重点研发与转化专项(2022-NK-117);青海省科技厅重点实验室项目(2022-ZJ-Y01)。

摘　　要：以8个园林小菊品种(金陵玫瑰金、金陵潋滟、金陵笑靥、金陵一品红、金陵礼花、金陵粉玉兰、金陵阳光、金陵红荷)为试验材料,通过建立高原地区园林小菊耐低温性的综合评价方法,分析了不同温度处理下[25(CK)、15(CT_(3))、10(CT_(2))、5(CT_(1))℃]对园林小菊扦插苗生长的影响,以期筛选出适宜在青海高原生长的园林小菊品种。结果表明,园林小菊在不同温度处理下形态差异明显,与CK相比,CT_(1)处理下各品种扦插苗均未生根,CT_(2)处理下仅金陵红荷、金陵潋滟、金陵阳光以及金陵玫瑰金有少量根系,CT_(3)处理下除金陵礼花外其他品种均生根且能生长。不同品种间根系生长指标和插穗叶片光合色素含量受温度影响差异显著,其中CT_(3)处理下金陵玫瑰金的总根长、根平均直径、根总投影面积和根尖数在各品种中表现最优,总叶绿素含量比CK下降了22.87%;金陵红荷的根总体积和根总表面积在各品种中表现最优,总叶绿素含量比CK下降了43.23%。通过主成分分析和聚类分析,得到8个园林小菊品种耐低温性的综合得分排名为金陵潋滟>金陵玫瑰金>金陵红荷>金陵阳光>金陵粉玉兰>金陵笑靥>金陵一品红>金陵礼花,并将8个品种分为了高度耐低温型(金陵潋滟、金陵玫瑰金、金陵红荷)、中度耐低温型(金陵阳光)、弱耐低温型(金陵粉玉兰)和不耐低温型(金陵笑靥、金陵一品红、金陵礼花)4个类型。通过建立综合评价方法,筛选出金陵潋滟、金陵玫瑰金和金陵红荷可作为高原冷凉地区试验推广的耐低温型品种;根总表面积、总叶绿素含量、根尖数是影响园林小菊耐低温性的主要指标,可为高原地区园林小菊的耐低温性预测提供一定参考。Eight Chrysanthemums(‘Jinling Meiguijin’,‘Jinling Lianyan’,‘Jinling Xiaoye’,‘Jinling Yipinhong’,‘Jinling Lihua’,‘Jinling Fenyulan’,‘Jinling Yangguang’and‘Jinling Honghe’)were used as test materials.The effects of different temperature treatments[25(CK),15(CT_(3)),10(CT_(2)),5(CT_(1))℃]on the growth of Chrysanthemums cuttings were analyzed,in order to select garden Chrysanthemums varieties suitable for growth in Qinghai Plateau.The results showed that the morphological differences of Chrysanthemums were obvious at different temperatures.Compared with the cuttings of CK,the cuttings of all varieties under CT_(1) treatment did not take root.In CT_(2),only‘Jinling Honghe’,‘Jinling Lianyan’and‘Jinling Meiguijin’had a small number of roots.In CT_(3),most varieties not only could take root but also grow.The root growth index and photosynthetic pigment content of cutting leaves among different varieties were significantly affected by temperature.Among them,in CT_(3),the total root length,average root diameter,total root projected area and roots number of‘Jinling Meiguijin’were the best among the varieties,and the total chlorophyll content decreased by 22.87%compared to CK.The total root volume and total root surface area of‘Jinling Honghe’were the best among the varieties,and the total chlorophyll content decreased by 43.23%compared to CK.Through principal component analysis and cluster analysis,the comprehensive scores of the low temperature tolerance of eight Chrysanthemums varieties were ranked as‘Jinling Lianyan’>‘Jinling Meiguijin’>‘Jinling Honghe’>‘Jinling Yangguang’>‘Jinling Fenyulan’>‘Jinling Xiaoye’>‘Jinling Yipinhong’>‘Jinling Lihua’.They can be divided into four types:high low-temperature tolerance types(‘Jinling Lianyan’,‘Jinling Meiguijin’and‘Jinling Honghe’),moderate low-temperature tolerance(‘Jinling Yangguang’),weak low-temperature tolerance(‘Jinling Fenyulan’)and low temperature sensitive type(‘Jin

关 键 词：菊花 低温胁迫 扦插繁殖 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S682.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]