社会保障的力量传导与质量提升--兼评“福利病”论调  

Power Transmission and Quality Enhancement of Social Security:A Comment on the Argument of"Welfare Diseases"

作　　者：杨方方[1] YANG Fangfang

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共事务学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2023年第2期154-167,共14页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国社会保障体系建设与扎实推进共同富裕”(项目编号:21STA002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以促进社会公平为己任的社会保障是推进共同富裕、实现中国式现代化的重要力量。由于现有研究未能清晰呈现社会保障力量的作用机制和传导路径,导致歪曲社会保障力量的“福利病”论调--“社会保障供给水平高-助长人力惰性-社会发展受阻”大行其道。固然,人力的流动和行动将社会公平的衍生效应带到更广阔的领域,人力是社会保障力量的载体,但人力承载的社会保障力量源于质量而非数量,数量与质量之间至少隔着理念价值、分配结构、供给内容和方式等多重因素。社会保障力量的传导过程可概括为:“社会保障质量-社会公平促进-人力成长-社会全面发展”。从物质层面来看,社会保障的力量传递过程“物质转移-收入平等-人力改善-经济循环”并非天然通畅,每两个节点的连通都需相应心理能量和精神力量的助推;精神层面上的“身安-心安-心动”是积极行动产生的前置传导环节。鉴于此,社会保障的质量设计应以增强心理能量和精神意蕴为指向,促进物质资源向精神动力的内化,激发积极行为,全面改善社会生态。Social security,undertaking social equity as its own duty,constitutes a vital and basic force to promote common prosperity and achieve Chinese modernization.As the existing research fails to clearly present'the action mechanism and transmission path of social security forces,the argument of“welfare illnesses”-“high level of social security supply-facilitating manpower inertia-hindering social development”that distorts social security forces is widely circulated.Since the flow and action of manpower will bring the derivative effect of social equity to broader areas,manpower serves as the carrier of social security forces.In spite of this,the social security forces based on manpower emanates from its quality rather than its quantity,and there are at least factors such as concept value,distribution structure and supply content and method between quantity and quality.The transmission process of social security forces can be summarized as“social security quality-social equity promotion-manpower growth-comprehensive development”.In respect of the material level,the power transmission process of social security,i.e.,“material transfer-income equality-manpower improvement-economic cycle”is not smooth,and the connection of every two nodes calls for corresponding psychological energy and spiritual power;on the spiritual level,“physical security-peace of mind-motivation”is the pre-transmission link of positive actions.Therefore,to improve the quality of social security,it is essential to increase its psychological energy and the spiritual implication.We should also enhance the spiritual internalization rate of material resources and stimulate positive behavior so as to foster the ecology of social development in a comprehensive manner.

关 键 词：社会保障力量 社会保障质量 物质转移 心理指向 精神力量 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]