杞麓鲤保种群体的遗传结构分析  

Genetic structure analysis of the conserved population in Cyprinus carpio chilia

作　　者：刘娟 袁林聪 李伟斌 白寿有 李进荣 蔡实旺 尹馨玉 孔令富[1] 武祥伟[1] LIU Juan;YUAN Lin-cong;LI Wei-bin;BAI Shou-you;LI Jin-rong;CAI Shi-wang;YIN Xin-yu;KONG Ling-fu;WU Xiang-wei(Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yuanjiang County Fish Seed Technology Extension Station,Yuanjiang 653300,Yunan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明361021 [2]元江县鱼种技术推广站,云南元江653300

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2023年第2期21-28,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090018);云南省农业联合专项(202101BD070001-039);国家自然科学基金(32060827)。

摘　　要：杞麓鲤(Cyprinus carpio chilia)是云南特有水产种质资源,为研究杞麓鲤保种群体的遗传结构,本研究开发了15个多态性高的杞麓鲤微卫星(SSR)分子标记,并对保种群体进行了SSR分析。结果显示:杞麓鲤保种群体40个个体的平均等位基因数为7.8个,有效等位基因数为3.2~8.9,期望杂合度为0.6964~0.9000,多态信息含量为0.6476~0.8770,保种群体遗传多样性水平较高。基于突变模型与等位基因分布均检测到了保种群体的瓶颈效应,近交系数F is为0.2497,保种群体存在近交现象,并且10个SSR位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。结果表明杞麓鲤保种群体的遗传多样性较高,但经历了瓶颈效应,不利于继续保种。Cyprinus carpio chilia is a native fishery germplasm resource in Yunnan plateau.It mainly distributes in several lakes of Yunnan province.It is one of the four subspecies of common carp in China.One of the populations of C.carpio chilia was sampled from Fuxian lake of Yunnan province in 2009.The population was served as a pure germplasm resource and had been conserved for four generations by artificial breeding.There was a concern about the status of the genetic source of C.carpio chilia,because little was known about its genetic origins,diversity,or differentiation.In this study,we developed fifteen simple sequence repeat(SSR)molecular markers for C.carpio chilia from its genome dataset.These SSR markers were used to detect the population genetic structure for the preserved population.The results suggested that 40 individuals had 7.8 alleles on average.The adequate number of alleles,expected heterozygosity,and polymorphism information content were 3.2~8.9,0.6964~0.9000,and 0.6476~0.8770,respectively,for the conserved population.Consequently,the conserved population had a high level of genetic diversity.The bottleneck effect was also detected by both mutation model and allele frequency distribution in the conserved population,with a high inbreeding coefficient value of 0.2497,suggesting an inbreeding phenomenon.Moreover,10 SSR loci were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.In total,genetic diversity was abundant in the conserved population of C.carpio chilia.However,it has bottleneck effect and inbreeding,which is a disadvantage for population development in C.carpio chilia.

关 键 词：杞麓鲤(Cyprinus carpio chilia) 微卫星 遗传结构 种质资源 保种群体 瓶颈效应 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]