控制灌溉对水稻生长性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Controlled Irrigation on Growth Traits and Yield of Rice

作　　者：马文慧 孙书洪 韩晓楠 薛铸 MA Wen-hui;SUN Shu-hong;HAN Xiao-nan;XUE Zhu(Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Agricultural Hydraulic Engineering Center,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水利工程学院,天津300384 [2]天津市农业水利技术工程中心,天津300384

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2023年第1期47-50,65,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市“项目+团队”重点培养专项(XB202016);天津市农业科技示范推广项目(201501070)。

摘　　要：明确控制灌溉对水稻生长及产量的影响,可以为天津滨海地区盐碱化土壤条件下水稻节水高产提供理论依据。以水稻品种津原89为研究对象,灌溉方式设控灌1、控灌2、控灌3和淹灌(CK)4个处理,研究了控制灌溉对水稻株高、分蘖数、产量及其构成要素、灌溉水利用效率的影响。结果表明:不同灌溉处理下,水稻株高均呈先增长后趋于稳定的趋势变化,但控灌处理的株高均CK(10923.80 kg/hm^(2))和控灌3处理(10674.49 kg/hm^(2));用水量差异较大,其中,控灌1、控灌2、控灌3处理分别较CK节约用水15%、18%和21%,灌溉水利用效率分别为2.40、2.38和2.33 kg/m^(3)且均>CK。综合分析认为,控灌2处理较好,该处理下,水稻生长性状、产量和灌溉水利用效率与最高产量处理(控灌1)相比差异均不显著,但可节水3百分点,生态效益更高。Clarifying the effects of controlled irrigation on the growth and yield of rice can provide a theoretical basis for water saving and high yield of rice under the condition of saline-alkali soil in Tianjin coastal area.Taking the rice variety Jinyuan 89 as the research object,four treatments were set up:controlled irrigation 1,controlled irrigation 2,controlled irrigation 3,and basin irrigation(CK).The effects of different irrigation treatments on plant height,number of tillers,yield and its components and water use efficiency of rice were studied.The results showed that the plant height of different irrigation treatments showed a trend of increasing first and then stabilizing,while the plant height of basin irrigation was higher than that of the controlled irrigation.The number of tillers increased gradually at first and then decreased gradually,and reached the highest at the late tillering stage.Among them,the highest number of tillers of CK was the largest and then decreased fastest.Controlled irrigation treatment can inhibit ineffective tillering and improve the rate of panicle formation.There were significant differences in rice yield,among which,the yield of controlled irrigation 1 treatment(11852.50 kg/hm^(2))was the highest,and there was no significant difference compared to controlled irrigation 2 treatment(11375.62 kg/hm^(2)),but significant>CK(10923.80 kg/hm^(2))and controlled irrigation 3 treatment(10674.49 kg/hm^(2)).There were significant differences in water consumption,among which,the treatment of controlled irrigation 1,2,and 3 saved 15%,18%,and 21%water compared to CK,respectively,and the irrigation water use efficiency was 2.40,2.38,and 2.33 kg/m^(3),all of which were greater than CK.Comprehensive analysis showed that controlled irrigation treatment 2 was bet ter.Under this treatment,there were no significant differences in rice growth traits,yield,and irrigation water use efficiency compared to the highest yield treatment(controlled irrigation 1),but it can save water by 3 per centage points an

关 键 词：水稻 控制灌溉 节水灌溉 产量 灌溉水利用效率 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]