水下搅拌摩擦焊改善中厚度铝/镁成形和性能的研究  

Research on Improving Formation and Strength of Medium-thick AA6061 Al/AZ31B Mg Joint by Submerged Friction Stir Welding

作　　者：黄体方 万龙[1,2] 高祎晗 黄永宪 HUANG Tifang;WAN Long;GAO Yihan;HUANG Yongxian(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Kunshan World Wide Welding Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215300,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]昆山万洲特种焊接有限公司,江苏苏州215300

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第3期83-90,共8页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52175301);航空发动机及燃气轮机专项资助(J2019-VII-0012-0154)。

摘　　要：以厚度6 mm的铝/镁异种材料的搅拌摩擦焊为研究对象,分别在空气以及26.5℃和5℃的水下环境下进行焊接,对比研究不同环境下的接头的微观组织、接头性能,并对粘头机理进行探究。结果表明,水下搅拌摩擦焊能够有效降低焊接过程温度,抑制脆性Al-Mg金属间化合物的长大,缓解搅拌头粘头现象,能有效改善焊缝成形和接头力学性能。5℃冷却水环境下得到的铝/镁搅拌摩擦焊接头的拉伸性能和延伸率最高,达到129.3 MPa和4.4%,分别是常规空冷接头的1.8和3.9倍。同时揭示了搅拌头粘着材料主要由Mg_(2)Al_(3)和Al固溶体组成,说明搅拌头粘头现象与Al-Mg金属间化合物的生成直接相关。Pissimilar friction stir welding of aluminum/magnesium with 6 mm thickness was carried out in air and under water of 26.5℃and 5℃.The microstructures and mechanical property of joints welded in different environments were studied and compared.The mechanism of tool adhesion was explored.The results showed that submerged friction stir welding effectively could reduce the temperature of the welding process,inhibit the growth of brittle Al-Mg intermetallic compounds,alleviate the phenomenon of tool adhension,and improve the weld formation and mechanical properties of the joint.The aluminum/magnesium dissimilar joint fabricated under 5℃ water had the highest tensile properties and elongation of 129.3 MPa and 4.4%,1.8 and 3.9 times that of air-cooled joints,respectively.It also revealed that the tool adhesive materials were mainly composed of Mg_(2)Al_(3) and Al solid solution,indicating that the tool adhesive phenomenon was directly related to the generation of Al-Mg intermetallic compounds.

关 键 词：铝/镁 异种材料连接 水下搅拌摩擦焊 金属间化合物 拉伸性能 

分 类 号：TG456.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]