低地位群体内-外群体评价的差异效应特征  

Characteristics of the Differential Effects of Inter-out Group Evaluation in Low-status Groups

作　　者：菅越 赵玉芳 白金花 JIAN Yue;ZHAO Yufang;BAI Jinhua(Faculty of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2023年第4期212-221,共10页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

摘　　要：通过两个实验从内隐和外显两个层面考察低地位群体内-外群体评价的差异效应特征。实验1选择低地位群体大学生,采用加工分离程序考察其对内群体和外群体的内隐以及外显特质的评价;实验2采用任务分离范式,从内隐和外显两个层面考察低地位群体对内-外群体评价的差异效应特征。两个实验发现,在外显层面,低地位群体对外群体评价更高,表现为外群体偏好,但无内群体贬损;在内隐层面,能力维度的内-外群体评价的差异效应特征为外群体偏好和内群体贬损,而在热情维度则表现为外群体贬损,即低地位群体对内-外群体的评价模式出现了外显和内隐分离现象。两个实验共同说明低地位群体成员对内群体和外群体的评价具有内容多样性和心理水平的差异性。According to social identity theory,group status is an important factor affecting the differential effects of interout group evaluation in low-status groups.The present study used two experiments to explore the characteristics of the differential effects of inter-out group evaluation in low-status groups both at the explicit and implicit levels.Experiment 1 selected low-status college students as participants and adopted the procedure dissociation procedure(PDP),to investigate the implicit and explicit trait processing of ingroup and outgroup.Experiment 2 adopted the task separation paradigm,from the explicit and implicit levels to explore the characteristics of the differential effects of inter-out group evaluation in low-status groups.The results of two experiments found that at the explicit level,the members of low-status group all have higher evaluation of outgroup,which is manifested as outgroup favoritism,but they do not devalue the ingroup,that is,no ingroup derogation.At the implicit level,the inter-out group effect on the competence dimension is characterized by outgroup favoritism and ingroup derogation,while the inter-out group effect on the warmth dimension is characterized by outgroup derogation.And the characteristics of the differential effects of inter-out group evaluation in low-status groups appeared the explicit and implicit separation.The two current experiments collectively illustrate the evaluation of low-status group members has content diversity and psychological differences between ingroup and outgroup.

关 键 词：低地位群体 刻板印象内容模型 加工分离程序 任务分离范式 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]