帝国早期罗马史叙述传统的希腊化与奥古斯丁—奥罗修斯史观的思想渊源  

The Hellenization of the Narrative of Roman History in the Early Empire and theOrigin of the Historical Views of Augustine and Orosius

作　　者：吕厚量 Lu Houliang(School of History,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,102488,China;Institute of World History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院世界历史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《古代文明（中英文）》2023年第2期13-26,156,共15页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

摘　　要：作为中世纪西欧世界历史观的重要源头与思想基础,奥古斯丁—奥罗修斯基督教历史解释体系既建立在对古典时代拉丁文史料的重新解读与批判之上,同时又受到了帝国早期希腊化后的罗马史叙述传统的影响。文本证据表明,奥古斯丁、奥罗修斯等基督教学者对罗马历史的批判性叙述间接继承了以狄奥尼修斯、阿庇安等人为代表的希腊文罗马史著述中的“普世史”视角,尤其是对自然灾害的密切关注、对内战原因的解释模式等传统。狄奥尼修斯与阿庇安都是罗马政权的坚定拥护者,并在其史学作品中赞扬过罗马人的崇高美德与历史贡献。但他们对罗马史叙述传统的希腊化改造借用了希腊“普世史”中强调政体演化与世界性霸权交替更迭规律的、自身便带有强烈政治与道德批判意味的历史观,从而为早期基督教史家全面否定罗马政权崛起的历史进步意义提供了理论依据。As an important source and foundation of the medieval historical concepts,the Christian interpretation of Augustine and Orosius was on the one hand based on the reinterpretation and critique of the classical Latin writings,and on the other hand influenced by Hellenized Roman historical writingsexisted in the age of early Roman Empire.Textual evidencessuggest that the critical narratives of the early Christian scholars,such as Augustine and Orosius,indirectly inherit the universal histories by Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Appian,in particular their keen attention to natural disasters and the causes of the civil wars in Roman history.Both Dionysius and Appian are pro-Roman historians who praise the virtues and contributions of the Romans.Their Hellenized narratives of Roman history inherited the emphasis of the development of politeia and translatioimperii contained in the context of Greek universal history,which provided theoretical ground to the early Christian historians for their denial of the progressive meaning of the rise of the Roman hegemony.

关 键 词：罗马史 狄奥尼修斯 阿庇安 奥古斯丁 奥罗修斯 

分 类 号：K12[历史地理—历史学] B503[历史地理—世界史]