氮磷钾肥对水曲柳雌雄株叶片光合生理及化学计量特征的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Photosynthetic Physiological and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Male and Female Leaves of Fraxinus mandshurica

作　　者：汤靖文 李晨晞 彭政淋 苏嘉熙 卫星[1,2] TANG Jingwen;LI Chenxi;PENG Zhenglin;SU Jiaxi;WEI Xing(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Sustainable Management of Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《森林工程》2023年第2期30-38,46,共10页Forest Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572020DR05)。

摘　　要：明确水曲柳雌株和雄株吸收养分的偏好,有助于开展雌株和雄株精准施肥,提高施肥效率,促进开花结实。以水曲柳成熟人工林雌株和雄株为研究对象,进行氮磷钾三因素三水平完全试验,氮肥设3个水平(0.15、0.30、0.45 g/L),磷肥设3个水平(0.3、0.6、0.9 g/L),钾肥设3个水平(0.2、0.4、0.6 g/L),共27个处理。于施肥后第2个月测定叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率、相对叶绿素含量、叶面积及叶片养分含量等指标,探讨各变量之间的相关系数。结果表明,氮磷钾配比施肥可不同程度地促进水曲柳雌雄株叶片功能性状的提升,除胞间CO_(2)浓度、叶面积和叶片磷含量外,其余各指标的最大值均出现在N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)(雌株)与N_(2)P_(3)K_(3)(雄株)处理中,且显著高于对照(P<0.05);水曲柳雌雄株在同种施肥处理下,所测定的各指标中均表现出显著性别差异;水曲柳雌雄株叶片的N/P(氮磷化学计量比)范围分别在8.62~14.08与7.91~12.80,N/K(氮钾化学计量比)的范围分别在2.33~4.32与2.47~4.22,K/P(钾磷化学计量比)范围分别在2.67~4.36与2.75~3.91;叶片氮磷钾质量分数与胞间CO_(2)浓度呈极显著负相关(P<0.05),与其他各生理指标均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。由此得到,水曲柳雌株在N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)、雄株在N_(2)P_(3)K_(3)处理下,对其叶片功能性状的影响效果最佳,影响水曲柳叶片功能的主要限制元素是N,在林地管理中可适当增施氮肥。To clarify the preference of female and male plants of Fraxinus mandshurica for nutrient absorption will help to carry out precise fertilization of female and male plants,improve fertilization efficiency,and promote flowering and fruiting.This study took the female and male plants of F.mandshurica mature plantation as the objects,and carried out a complete test of three factors and three levels of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Nitrogen fertilizer was set at three levels(0.15、0.30、0.45 g/L),phosphorus fertilizer was set at three levels(0.3、0.6、0.9 g/L),and potassium fertilizer was set at three levels(0.2、0.4、0.6 g/L),a total of 27 treatments.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2)concentration,transpiration rate,relative chlorophyll content,leaf area and leaf nutrient content of leaves were measured at the second month after fertilization,and the correlation coefficients between various variables were discussed.The results showed that the mixed fertilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could promote the improvement of leaf functional traits of male and female F.mandshurica in different degrees.Except for intercellular CO_(2)concentration,leaf area and leaf phosphorus content,the maximum values of other indicators appeared in N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)(female)and N_(2)P_(3)K_(3)(male)treatments,which were significantly higher than the control(P<0.05).Under the same fertilization treatment,the male and female plants of F.mandshurica showed significant gender differences in the measured indicators.The N∶P ranged from 8.62 to 14.08 and 7.91 to 12.80,the N∶K ranged from 2.33 to 4.32 and 2.47 to 4.22,and the K∶P ranged from 2.67 to 4.36 and 2.75 to 3.91,respectively.The mass fraction of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in leaves was negatively correlated with intercellular CO_(2)concentration(P<0.05),and positively correlated with other physiological indexes(P<0.01).The above results showed that the female plant of F.mandshurica under N_(3)P_(2)K_(2)and the male plant u

关 键 词：水曲柳 氮磷钾肥 性别差异 叶片功能性状 化学计量特征 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]