黑龙江省林木良种基地种质资源构成分析  

Analysis of the Composition of Germplasm Resources of Forest Tree Seed Base in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：冯可乐 乔滨杰 曹立为 郝俊飞 张含国[1] FENG Kele;QIAO Binjie;CAO Liwei;HAO Junfei;ZHANG Hanguo(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau Seedling Station of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省国有林场和林木种苗服务总站,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《森林工程》2023年第2期57-62,共6页Forest Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省林木种苗管理总站资助项目([2018]01号)。

摘　　要：通过对黑龙江省林木良种基地50多年收集区、种子园、子代林的定植面积和无性系(家系)数量等数据进行统计分析,为良种基地科学管理和持续发展提供技术支撑。结果显示,黑龙江省林木良种基地20世纪80年代营建面积和保存资源数量最多,2010年之后阔叶树种增速较快。针叶树种面积和数量占有绝对优势,其中红松、落叶松和樟子松营建面积占比超过86%,保存资源数量占比超过88%。建成的各类种子园有1270.17 hm^(2),包含17859个无性系;子代林面积为342.46 hm^(2),除樟子松外其他树种营建面积较少,测定的亲本数量不够丰富,仅为10127个家系;收集区151.37 hm^(2),保存8805个无性系,较种子园少一倍有余。建议增加阔叶树种和其他新需求树种的营建力度;大力开展子代测定工作,增加不同地区不同性状种质资源的收集。Statistical analysis of data on the area of planted area and the number of asexual lines(family lines)in Heilongjiang Province forest tree seed bases over 50 years of collection areas,seed orchards,and offspring forests was conducted to provide technical support for scientific management and sustainable development of the seed bases.The results showed that the area and the number of preserved resources of the forest tree seed base in Heilongjiang Province were the largest in the 1980s,and the broad-leaved species grew faster after 2010.The area and number of coniferous species occupied an absolute advantage,with Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc.,Larix gmelinii(Rupr.)Kuzen.and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica accounting for more than 86%of the established area and more than 88%of the number of preserved resources.There were 1270.17 hm^(2)of various types of seed orchards built,containing 17859 asexual lines;342.46 hm^(2)of offspring forests,with less area built for other species except Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,and the number of parents measured was not rich enough,with only 10127 lines;151.37 hm^(2)of collection area,with 8805 asexual lines preserved,more than twice less than the seed orchards.It is suggested to increase the establishment of broad-leaved species and other new demand species;vigorously carry out the determination of offspring and increase the collection of germplasm resources of different traits in different areas.

关 键 词：黑龙江省 收集区 种子园 子代林 种质资源 

分 类 号：S791[农业科学—林木遗传育种]