稀土储氢材料的研究进展  

Research Progress of Rare Earth Hydrogen Storage Materials

作　　者：苑慧萍 李志念[1,2,3] 沈浩 蒋利军[1,2,3] YUAN Huiping;LI Zhinian;SHEN Hao;JIANG Lijun(GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101407,China;National Engineering Research Center of Nonferrous Metals Materials and Products for New Energy,GRINM Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China;General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京101407 [2]有研科技集团有限公司国家有色金属新能源材料与制品工程技术研究中心,北京100088 [3]北京有色金属研究总院,北京100088

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2023年第2期98-104,134,共8页Materials China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB3502200)。

摘　　要：稀土储氢材料具有易活化,吸放氢平台平坦、压力适中、压差小,抗杂质气体中毒性能好,适合室温操作等优点,作为镍氢二次电池(Ni/MH)电极材料被广泛应用,在氢燃料电池领域作为安全高效的储氢材料也发挥着越来越重要的作用。综述了目前面向应用的LaNi_(5)型和超晶格型稀土储氢材料近些年的主要研究进展,重点介绍了组分优化、结构控制和性能衰减机理方面的研究,最后讨论了稀土储氢材料应用面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。我国稀土资源丰富,大力拓展稀土储氢材料在氢能和二次电池产业的应用,对我国稀土资源的综合利用具有重大的战略意义。Rare earth hydrogen storage materials have the advantages of easy activation,flat hydrogen absorption and desorption platforms,moderate pressure,small differential pressure,good resistance to impurity gas poisoning,and room temperature operation ability.They are widely used as electrode materials for Ni/MH secondary batteries,and play an increasingly important role in the field of hydrogen fuel cells as safe and efficient hydrogen storage materials.In this paper,the main research progress of LaNi_(5)type and superlattice type rare earth hydrogen storage materials in recent years is reviewed,from three aspects of composition optimization,structure control and properties attenuation mechanism.Finally,the challenges faced by the application of rare earth hydrogen storage materials and the future development direction are discussed.Our country is rich in rare earth resources,to vigorously expand the application of rare earth hydrogen storage materials in hydrogen energy and secondary battery industries,it is of great strategic significance for the comprehensive utilization of rare earth resources in China.

关 键 词：稀土储氢材料 电化学性能 储氢性能 相结构 

分 类 号：TG139.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]