北京市村镇中小型供水厂二氧化氯消毒现状调研及问题分析  

Investigation and analysis on chlorine dioxide disinfection of small and medium-sized water supply plants in rural area of Beijing

作　　者：李洁[1] 李红岩[1] 郑蓓[1] 于志勇[1] 王新 LI Jie;LI Hongyan;ZHENG Bei;YU Zhiyong;WANG Xin(Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《给水排水》2023年第2期30-36,共7页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室专项经费(20Z02KLDWST);中国科学院生态环境研究中心率先行动方向培育项目(RCEES-SXXD-2020)。

摘　　要：二氧化氯消毒是村镇中小型水厂主要的消毒方式,开展北京市176座村镇中小型供水厂调研分析,包括消毒方式、二氧化氯设备配置、消毒效果及消毒副产物等情况。结果表明,北京市村镇中小型供水厂有125座采用二氧化氯消毒,其中111座水厂使用纯二氧化氯消毒剂发生器,13座水厂使用电解法发生器,1座水厂采用投加消毒粉的方式;这些使用二氧化氯消毒的水厂消毒剂和微生物指标合格率分别为67%和86%;亚氯酸盐超标率1.6%,氯酸盐未检出超标情况。二氧化氯在浓度和接触时间足够的情况下具有良好的消毒能力,实际应用中消毒效果与发生器性能、原料质量、消毒剂投加控制以及人员技术能力和运行管理有关。由于村镇水厂技术能力与管理水平参差不齐,供水水质目前很大程度上依赖于原水水质。提升供水水质标准,加强水厂自动化建设和信息化管理是村镇供水发展的趋势。Chlorine dioxide disinfection is a primary disinfection method for small and medium-sized water supply plants in villages and towns.In this paper,176 small and medium-sized rural water supply plants in Beijing were investigated to understand their disinfection methods,the application of chlorine dioxide equipment,disinfection effect and disinfection by-products.The results showed that chlorine dioxide disinfection was used in 125 water supply plants,and the disinfection equipment was dominated by pure chlorine dioxide disinfectant generators(111 plants),together with a small number of electrolysis generators(13 plants).Additionally,powdered disinfectant was used directly in one plant.For the 125 water supply plants,the qualification rates of disinfectant and microorganism were 67% and 86%,respectively,and the rate of chlorite exceeding standard requirement was 1.6%.No chlorate was detected to be over the standard limit.Chlorine dioxide presents good disinfection ability in case of sufficient concentration and contact time,which is usually related to the quality of generator and its raw materials,disinfectant dosage control,personnel technical ability and operation management.However,due to the uneven levels of the technical capacity and management skills in rural areas,the water quality supplied by small and medium-sized water supply plants mainly depends on the raw water quality.It is suggested to further promote the development of water supply in rural areas through improving water supply standard,strengthening automatic construction and information management of waterworks.

关 键 词：村镇供水 消毒 二氧化氯 消毒副产物 供水管理 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]