毛泽东时代的中国社会:“上海小三线”的生产与生活  

Chinese Societies during the Mao Era: Work and Life in the “Shanghai Small Third Front”

作　　者：丸川知雄[1] 徐有威[2] 邵刘旖 MARUKAWA Tomoo;XU Youwei;SHAO Liuyi(Institute of Social Science,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo 999001,Japan;Department of History,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]东京大学社会科学研究所,日本东京1130033 [2]上海大学历史系,上海200444

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期13-21,共9页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology:Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：2022年度上海市哲学社会科学规划青年项目:上海小三线企业军转民研究(1979-1988),项目编号:2022ELS006。

摘　　要：20世纪60年代,数百万工人与工程师从沿海和东北各省迁往内陆,以建设“三线”——一片位于中国内陆、用于发展建设基础工业和军事工业的广袤地带。为了掩护他们免受空袭,这些工厂坐落于内陆省份山区的山谷中,这使他们经历了一生中最为剧烈的变化。本文探讨了从上海迁往“上海小三线”的人们的工作和生活,“上海小三线”是一个位于安徽省南部的巨大军工复合体,拥有81家工厂和设施及6.7万名员工。它是上海在安徽山区的一块孤立飞地,因此员工严重依赖企业来提供各种服务和生活资料,如住宅、食品、娱乐、儿童教育、医疗、公安、乃至配偶。本文描述了该复合体如何运作、人们如何在那里生活,以及该复合体如何被关闭之全过程。Several million workers and engineers moved inland from the coastal and northeastern provinces during the 1960s for the construction of the “Third Front”—a vast geographical area in China’s interior where basic and military industries were developed and constructed. They experienced the most drastic changes in their lives because the factories were situated in the valleys of mountainous regions in inland provinces to conceal them from airstrikes. This chapter explores the work and life of those who moved from Shanghai to the “Shanghai Small Third Front”, which was a huge military industry complex located in Southern Anhui province having 81 factories and facilities and 67 thousand employees. It was an isolated enclave of Shanghai in the mountainous region of Anhui province, and therefore the employees depended heavily on their firms for the provision of various services and means of living, such as residence, food,entertainment, education for children, medical care, public security, and even spouses. This chapter describes how the complex operated,how people lived there, and how the complex was closed.

关 键 词：小三线建设 上海 皖南 生产生活 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]