不同规格双齿围沙蚕对沉积物氮磷赋存形态影响分析  

Analysis of Influence of Different Sizes of Perinereis aibuhitensis on the Occurrence Form of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sediments

作　　者：刘忠航 常志强[2] 袁晟译 李健[2] LIU Zhonghang;CHANG Zhiqiang;YUAN Shengyi;LI Jian(Shanghai Ocean University,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学、水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所、农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第2期30-39,共10页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”课题(2019YFD0900403);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31873039);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项-虾蟹产业技术体系(CARS-48);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD462021XT06)共同资助。

摘　　要：沉积物作为养殖系统中氮磷的蓄积库,对养殖水体氮磷水平调控发挥着重要作用,氮磷赋存形态影响其在沉积物中的吸附和释放。为研究双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube)对海水养殖池塘沉积物氮磷赋存形态的影响,以400 g/m^(2)生物量设计不同规格双齿围沙蚕养殖实验,分别为小规格[(0.7±0.3) g]、中规格[(2.5±0.3) g]和大规格[(4.3±0.3) g]处理组,不放养沙蚕设为对照组,实验周期为45 d,分别于实验初、末期采集不同深度的沉积物,测定其中氮磷各赋存形态的含量。结果显示,不同规格双齿围沙蚕均显著提高了沉积物上、中层离子交换态氮(IEF-N)、弱酸可浸取态氮(WAEF-N)和强碱可浸取态氮(SAEF-N)含量(P<0.05),中、小规格处理组显著降低了沉积物中强氧化剂可浸取态氮(SOEF-N)含量(P<0.05);不同规格双齿围沙蚕均显著提高了沉积物上、中层非磷灰石无机磷(NAIP)含量(P<0.05),中、小规格处理组显著降低了沉积物中有机磷(OP)含量(P<0.05)。本研究表明,中、小规格的双齿围沙蚕可以加速沉积物中有机氮磷的矿化,促进沉积物其他形态氮磷向上迁移,使其更容易分解和释放,进而被水体浮游植物所利用。Aquaculture in China is spread over a total area of 7.108 5×106 hm^(2). Nowadays,aquaculture is done with a focus on high bait utilization efficiency. Moreover, the proportion of high-density farming organisms and high investment in aquaculture is increasing every year. However,the negative environmental problems associated with high efficiency of aquaculture are often ignored,especially the eutrophication caused by nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. An aquaculture system is a reservoir of nitrogen and phosphorus and sediments play an important role in regulating nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the system. The occurrence forms of nitrogen and phosphorus are closely related to the adsorption and release rates of nitrogen and phosphorus. Benthic animals contribute to the organic composition of sediments, and biological interference is an important factor affecting the release of nitrogen and phosphorus. Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube is a typical benthic animal living in sediments, which feeds on humus and benthic algae, and is one of the main types of organisms that is artificially bred in China. P. aibuhitensis can change the physical structure of sediments by burrowing and through bioturbation;it can also transport dissolved oxygen from the upper water level to the depths of sediments and increase the redox potential of sediments. Studies of Meng et al(2020) have shown that different specifications of P. aibuhitensis have significant differences in the distance covered by the sediments. Significant differences are also present in pump water, pump water rate, axial crawling speed, and nutrient salt dissolution efficiency. The optimum stocking density of P. aibuhitensis is 330–500 g/m^(2). Investigation of the occurrence pattern and vertical distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediments is essential for assessing the endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus load in sediments, controlling eutrophication of water bodies, and assessing the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient release in sediments. In this st

关 键 词：双齿围沙蚕 生物扰动 氮赋存形态 磷赋存形态 沉积物 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]