低氧预适应对魁蚶在低氧胁迫下生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of Hypoxic Preconditioning on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Scapharca broughtonii under Hypoxia Stress

作　　者：吴丽娜 吴彪[2,3] 刘志鸿 于涛[4] 孙秀俊 周丽青 郑言鑫[4] 王振原 WU Li´na;WU Biao;LIU Zhihong;YU Tao;SUN Xiujun;ZHOU Liqing;ZHENG Yanxin;WANG Zhenyuan(Shanghai Ocean University,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Changdao Enhancement and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Yantai,Shandong 265800,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [4]中国水产科学研究院长岛增殖实验站,山东烟台265800

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第2期98-106,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900304-4);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020706)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究以未进行低氧预适应的魁蚶(Scapharcabroughtonii)为对照组(C组),分析了2次低氧预适应(H2组)和4次低氧预适应(H4组)的魁蚶在溶解氧(DO)约为2.0mg/L低氧胁迫48h内的摄食、呼吸代谢和酶活力的变化规律。结果显示,3组魁蚶的摄食率(IR)在胁迫初期急剧下降,后期均随时间的延长逐渐恢复,至48 h时,H组恢复程度显著高于C组(P<0.05);C组、H2组和H4组魁蚶的耗氧率(OR)随时间变化呈逐渐升高的趋势,48 h比0 h分别提高了1.15、1.08、0.73倍;3组排氨率(NR)表现出不同的变化趋势,至48h时,C组、H2组和H4组分别为0h的1.67、1.30、0.97倍;C组的氧氮比(O/N)相对平稳,H组的变化范围相对较大。3组的细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)随着低氧胁迫时间的延长呈逐渐降低的趋势,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力和还原型谷胱甘肽酶(GSH)含量整体呈上升趋势,与对照组相比,预低氧组的酶活力在低氧胁迫期间变化相对平稳,应激反应小。研究表明,魁蚶经低氧预适应后再次受到低氧胁迫时,IR升高,OR降低,酶活性相对稳定,低氧预适应能提高魁蚶的耐低氧能力。本研究丰富了魁蚶低氧耐受相关研究的基础数据,为进一步探讨魁蚶低氧耐受机制和创制耐低氧新种质提供了参考资料。Dissolved oxygen(DO) is one of essential factor for the survival of aquatic organisms,affecting many physiological processes including growth, survival, reproduction and development. Due to the change of global environment and the influence of human activities, hypoxia often occurs in both natural and cultured water bodies. Studies showed that water is in a hypoxic state when DO is lower than 2 mg/L, and aquatic animals in this condition may often suffer from hypoxic stress. The blood clam Scapharca broughtonii is an important economic bivalve because of its delicious taste and rich protein,vitamins and hemoglobin. At present, the S. broughtonii has become an important species in Northern China, and the better economic benefit of breeding drives the rapid development of seedling production and culture. However, hypoxia often threatens the cultivation of S. broughtonii. Hypoxic preconditioning refers to the endogenous protective mechanism generated after the body is stimulated by multiple transient and non-fatal hypoxic stimuli, which can protect the body tissues and improve the tolerance of the body. To explore the effects of hypoxic preconditioning on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of S. broughtonii under hypoxia stress, the clams were divided into three groups containing H2(hypoxic preconditioning for two times), H4(hypoxic preconditioning for four times) and C(no hypoxic preconditioning, as control group). And then, we analyzed the feeding rate(IR), energy metabolism and three enzymes activity of three groups during the process of hypoxia stress for 48 hours with DO concentration of ~2.0 mg/L. The first item we explored was changes in feeding rates. During hypoxia stress, the IR of the three groups showed a tendency of decreasing first and then increasing. At the late stage of stress, the feeding rate of the three groups recovered to some extent, and the recovery degree of groups H4and H2were better than that of group C. The energy metabolism we studied contains the oxygen consumption rate(O

关 键 词：魁蚶 低氧预适应 低氧胁迫 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]