潮汐与广州园池  

Tide and Canton Gardens

作　　者：冯江[1] 李睿 FENG Jiang;LI Rui

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑史学刊》2023年第1期147-161,共15页Journal of Architectural History

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学团队项目“广州一口通商时期东西方建筑文化交互影响研究”(21VJXT011)。

摘　　要：从谢兰生《常惺惺斋日记》及格雷夫人的家信中关于潮汐与游园的记载出发,着重探究潮汐与广州园池之间的关系,分析广州历代园林沿水系分布的七条主要线索,深入解读历史文献和图像中的内城喻园、花地馥荫园、河南潘家花园、荔枝湾海山仙馆、西关长寿寺花园和伍家花园等代表性园林因应潮汐而出现的双池与多池、窦口、池间堤、堤边树、垂直池壁与拦河、高架廊道和池上楼馆等现象,以及其中蕴涵的海山想象。认为潮汐对广州园池的择址、布局、立意、理景、造屋、栽植和游赏都产生了深刻的影响,并由此形成了依水筑园、跨波构基、高树深池、风廊水殿和真海仙山等“惟岭南园林得之”的重要特色。This article draws on the accounts of famous gardens in the diary of the notable scholar Xie Lansheng and the letters Madame Gray wrote home,focusing on the relationship between tide and garden design in Canton(Guangzhou).The article first analyses the seven main clues of how a garden was laid out along the waterway system of Canton over time.Then,based on historical texts and images of representative gardens,the article offers an interpretation of the phenomena of multiple ponds,dikes between ponds,trees along dikes,elevated galleries,stilt houses over water,and the meaning and symbolism of the paradise(sea-mountain motif)contained therein.These following gardens are discussed:Yu Garden in Canton city,Fuyin Garden in Fati(Huadi),the Puan Khequa’s Garden on Honam(Henan)Island,Puntinqua’s garden in Lychee Bay,the garden of Longevity Temple and the Howqua’s garden in Saikwan(Xiguan).The article argues that tide had a profound impact on the site selection,layout,conception,scenery design,building construction,vegetation,as well as the meaning of sea and mountain imagination.Moreover,tide led to the formation of the main characteristics of Canton gardens:placement near water;structures spanning across water;tall trees next to deep ponds;wind galleries and stilt houses over water;and the motif of the paradise(“true-sea-fairy-mountain”).

关 键 词：潮汐 广州园池 深池 基 窦口 水殿 风廊 海山想象 

分 类 号：TU986.55[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]