果园管理阶段修剪机械的研究进展  

Research Progress of Orchard Pruning Machine

作　　者：潘云飞 周艳[2] 何磊[2] 宋龙 宋振帅 朱贺[1] Pan Yunfei;Zhou Yan;He Lei;Song Long;Song Zhenshuai;Zhu He(Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Institute of Machinery and Equipment,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第7期261-268,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701402);新疆兵团农业领域重点科技公关项目(2018AB016);兵团重大科技项目(20210050302)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着果园种植规模不断扩大,传统果园修剪技术普遍存在果树栽培模式与修剪机械不配套、缺乏科学化管理方法、农艺和农机结合不完善、人工管理成本增高和劳动力不足等突出问题,严重制约我国水果产业经济效益的提高。目前,我国修剪作业方式仍以人工为主,机械化程度低、人工强度大已成为制约我国果园现代化发展的主要因素,传统修剪方式无法满足现代果园发展需求,全程机械化修剪作业问题亟待解决。为此,对国内外近年来果园修剪机械的发展趋势进行了分析总结,重点围绕修剪机械作业方式、牵引方式、工作原理、动力源、结构组成及其作业对象进行了综述,展望了修剪机械装备的研究方向,提出未来修剪机械化生产技术将逐渐向多功能化、自动化、智能化、标准化方向发展,并为全面提高我国果园修剪机械生产水平提出了发展思路和对策。In recent years,with the continuous expansion of the scale of orchard planting,the traditional orchard pruning technology generally exists the fruit tree cultivation mode and pruning machinery is not compatible,the lack of scientific management methods,agronomy and agricultural machinery is not perfect,artificial management cost increases,labor shortage and other prominent problems seriously restrict the economic benefits of China's fruit industry.At present,our country still is given priority to with artificial pruning operation way,low degree of mechanization,artificial strength has become the main factors restricting the development of orchard in our country modernization,the traditional pruning method cannot meet the demand of the development of modern orchards,fully mechanized clip homework problems to be solved.In this paper,the development trend of the orchard pruning machinery at home and abroad in recent years are analyzed and summarized,mainly around the trim machinery operation mode,drawing method,working principle,power supply,structure composition and operation objects were reviewed,prospects the clip research direction of the machinery and equipment,puts forward the future trim mechanization production technology will gradually to more functional,automation,intelligent,standardization direction development,in order to improve the orchard pruning machinery production level development ideas and countermeasures are put forward.

关 键 词：修剪 机械化 智能化 液压 

分 类 号：S233.74[农业科学—农业机械化工程]