果园行间绿肥粉碎旋耕一体机的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of an Integrated Machine for Green Manure Crushing and Rotary Tillage in Orchard Row

作　　者：杨旺 赵劲飞 刘新英[1,3] 廖结安 席琳乔[2] 王贞元 冶瑞[1,3] 陈云生 Yang Wang;Zhao Jinfei;Liu Xinying;Liao Jian′an;Xi Linqiao;Wang Zhenyuan;Ye Rui;Chen Yunsheng(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Higher Education General Institutes,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第9期46-53,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系专项(CARS-22);兵团财政科技计划资助项目(2021CB022);兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目(2018AB037);师市财政科技计划项目(2021NY07)。

摘　　要：随着果园绿肥种植面积的不断扩大,果园绿肥在还田利用中存在的作业效率低、翻压效果不佳等问题越来越明显。针对这一问题,设计了一种可实现“茎秆先落,土壤后落,茎秆在下,土壤在上”的提高绿肥作物还田效果的覆土装置及果园绿肥粉碎旋耕一体作业的样机。样机主要由悬挂装置、粉碎装置、旋耕翻压装置及覆土装置等部分组成。对样机机架进行了有限元分析,结果表明选材合理,满足使用要求。样机田间试验表明:当拖拉机前进速度为1.2m/s、粉碎甩刀刀辊转速为800r/min、旋耕深度为100mm时,绿肥作物粉碎长度合格率平均值为90.1%、抛撒不均匀率平均值为7.98%、覆盖率平均值为93.68%,满足设计要求,且能耗相对较低,满足果园绿肥还田利用需求。With the rapid development of orchard green manure planting,the problems such as low efficiency and poor turning over effect are becoming more and more obvious.To solve this problem,a soil covering device and a prototype of orchard green manure crushing and rotating tillage were designed to improve the effect of green manure returning to the field,which could realize the stalk falls first,the soil falls later,the stalk falls below,the soil is above.The prototype is mainly composed of suspension device,crushing device,rotary tilling device,soil covering device and other parts.The finite element analysis of the key components of the prototype shows that the material selection is reasonable and meets the application requirements.The field test of the prototype showed that when the tractor's forward speed was 1.2m/s,the rotation speed of the grinding swing cutter was 800r/min,and the rotary tillage depth was 100mm,the average qualified rate of green manure crop's grinding length was 90.1%,the average uneven rate of scattering was 7.98%,and the average coverage rate was 93.68%,which met the design requirements.And the energy consumption is relatively low,meet the needs of orchard green fertilizer utilization.

关 键 词：果园绿肥 覆土机构 翻压还田 响应曲面 

分 类 号：S222.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]