与水稻插秧同步的螺旋推运式侧向深施肥装置的设计  

Design of Spiral Pushing Lateral Deep Fertilization Device Synchronized with Rice Transplanting

作　　者：陈长海[1] 毕春辉[1] 靳晓燕[2] 杨沫[1] 董晓威[3] Chen Changhai;Bi Chunhui;Jin Xiaoyan;Yang Mo;Dong Xiaowei(Harbin Academy of Agricultural Science,Harbin 150029,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Engineering Science,Harbin 150081,China;Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市农业科学院,哈尔滨150029 [2]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院,哈尔滨150081 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第9期71-75,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后专项资助经费项目(LBH-Z20203);黑龙江八一农垦大学“三纵”科研支持计划项目(ZRCPY202104)。

摘　　要：目前,我国水稻生产过程中的施肥环节很大程度上沿用手工抛撒施肥方式,存在浪费肥料、农民劳动强度高、污染生活水源等问题。为此,结合农艺要求,进行了水稻螺旋推运式侧向深施肥装置的整体结构及部件设计、主要工作部件性能试验及整机性能试验。细致介绍了整体结构及关键主要工作部件的结构和参数以及田间试验情况。经过大量实际田间插秧、侧向施肥作业考核装置性能,通过分析试验数据得知:与水稻插秧同步的螺旋推运式侧向深施肥技术及装置是对传统水稻施肥模式的一次变革,能把颗粒肥料精准、定量施入水稻秧苗根系测深位置,相比传统施肥量节省约20%以上,极大提高了肥料利用率,降低了化肥对周边河流的污染程度。At present,the fertilization process of rice production in China is largely followed by manual scattering fertilization,which has problems such as waste of fertilizer,high labor intensity of farmers and pollution of people's living water sources.Therefore,according to the agronomic requirements,the overall structure and component design of the rice spiral pushing type lateral deep fertilization device,the performance test of the main working components and the performance test of the whole machine were carried out.The structure design,parameter design and field test of the whole structure and key working parts are introduced in detail.Through a large number of practical field transplanting and lateral fertilization operations to assess the device performance,and through analysis of test data,it is known that with synchronous spiral force behind the type of rice planting and deep side fertilizing technology and device is to change the traditional rice fertilization model and the granular fertilizer can precise and quantitative in rice seedlings roots sounding position,to save about 20%compared with the traditional fertilizer,greatly improve the fertilizer utilization ratio and reducing fertilizer pollution of nearby rivers.

关 键 词：水稻插秧机 螺旋推运 侧向深施肥装置 

分 类 号：S223.91[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]