三层智能离心式变量喷头试验研究  

Experimental Research on Three-layer Intelligent Centrifugal Variable Sprinkler

作　　者：杨光玉 兰玉彬 耿丽杰 张博远 伊丽丽 韩鑫[1] Yang Guangyu;Lan Yubin;Geng Lijie;Zhang Boyuan;Yi Lili;Han Xin(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;National Precision Agriculture Aviation Application Technology International Joint Research Center Shandong University of Technology Branch Center,Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255000 [2]山东省农业航空智能装备工程技术研究中心,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第8期155-160,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019NJ010)。

摘　　要：为实现农作物不同病虫害等级可控药量喷洒,解决供给流量变化会对雾滴粒径和喷幅影响较大的问题,设计了一种三层智能离心式变量喷头,可实现4级流量调节,满足变量喷施需求。首先,介绍了三层智能离心式变量喷头的基本结构;然后,介绍了该喷头智能控制系统;最后,利用微机控制喷头综合性能精密试验台对喷头样品进行试验,对不同电压下的喷头喷幅、雾滴沉积量、雾滴粒径等基本参数进行了试验研究。根据试验结果,对不同占空比下蠕动泵的流量进行了标定,得到流量与PWM波占空比的关系表达式为y=17.9437 x-380.8336,并对不同流量等级下的变量施药方式进行了分析。试验结果表明:喷头控制电机所施加的电压对喷雾流量本身没有影响,但对喷幅影响明显;随着喷头转速的增加,雾滴粒径一直减小。测得喷头在4种流量等级下的雾滴沉积量分别为1183.2、1669.3、2146.7、2696.5mL,流量变化明显,雾滴沉积量符合正态分布。三层智能离心式变量喷头结构简单,运行稳定,喷头不同等级下的变量施药方式是可行的,可调节喷药量范围宽,农药施用量大幅度减少。In order to achieve controllable spraying of pesticides for different levels of crop diseases and insect pests,and to solve the problem that changes in supply flow will have a greater impact on droplet size and spray amplitude,this paper designs a three-layer intelligent centrifugal variable spray nozzle that can achieve 4-level flow adjustment,To meet the demand of variable spraying.First,this article introduces the basic structure of the three-layer intelligent centrifugal variable sprinkler;then,introduces the sprinkler intelligent control system;finally,the sprinkler sample is tested by the microcomputer-controlled sprinkler comprehensive performance precision test bench,and the nozzles under different voltages are tested.The basic parameters such as spray width and droplet deposition volume have been experimentally studied.According to the test results,the flow rate of the peristaltic pump under different duty cycles was calibrated,and the relationship between the flow rate and the PWM wave duty cycle was obtained as,and for different flow rates The variable application method under the grade is analyzed.The test results show that the voltage applied by the nozzle control motor has no effect on the spray flow rate itself,but has a significant effect on the spray range.With the increase of the nozzle speed,the droplet size has been reduced.The measured droplet deposition volume of the nozzle under the four flow levels are 1183.2mL,1669.3mL,2146.7mL,2696.5mL,respectively,the flow rate changes obviously,and the droplet deposition volume conforms to the normal distribution.The three-layer intelligent centrifugal variable sprinkler has a simple structure and stable operation.Variable spraying methods at different levels of the sprinkler are feasible,with a wide range of adjustable spraying rates,and a large reduction in pesticide application.

关 键 词：变量喷头 喷幅 流量 占空比 雾滴沉积量 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护] S220.39