丘陵山区牵引式前胡收获机设计与试验  

Design and Test of Traction Front Peucedanum Harvesting Machine in Hilly Area

作　　者：张远 曹成茂[1,2] 刘权 车贵族[1,2] 葛俊 秦宽 刘忠滨[1,2] Zhang Yuan;Cao Chengmao;Liu Quan;Che Guizu;Ge Jun;Qin Kuan;Liu Zhongbin(Collage of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Anhui Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment Engineering Laboratory,Hefei 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省智能农机装备实验室,合肥230036

出　　处：《农机化研究》2023年第10期91-98,106,共9页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：农业竞争力提升科技行动项目(AH2019NY014)。

摘　　要：针对丘陵山区前胡药材收获机械化程度低的难题,设计一款牵引式前胡收获机,可一次性完成前胡挖掘、根土分离与收获装袋,降低了药农工作强度,提高了工作效率。在阐述机器工作原理基础上,根据当地前胡种植工艺与理论计算确定挖掘装置、振动装置、输送装置和碎土装置关键部件的结构参数,建立了前胡筛面滑动模型,对前胡的运动特性进行理论分析,得出前胡上滑、下滑与抛起的运动规律;分析在碎土装置挤压下根土混合物受力情况,确定影响前胡收净率与损伤率的主要因素与振动筛倾角、曲柄转速和输送网带倾角有关,并进行样机制作。利用Design-expert软件建立评价指标与各因素间的多元回归模型,并进行田间试验与验证试验,最终得出最优结构参数组合为振动筛倾角为17.5°、曲柄转速为451r/min、输送网带倾角为30°,此时前胡收净率为98.65%、损伤率为1.70%。设计满足前胡收获要求,可为前胡收获机推广应用提供技术参考。Aiming at the difficult problems of low degree mechanization of the Peucedanum harvester under the mountainous hills,a traction type Peucedanum harvester was designed,it could be used to excavate,separate root and soil,transport by vibration separation and extrusion crushing mode to reduce the intensity of medicine agriculture work and improve work efficiency.According to the local Peucedanum grower and theoretical calculation,the structural parameters of key components of excavation device,vibration device,conveying device and crushing device are determined;The sliding model of Peucedanum surface was established to theoretical analyze the motion characteristics of Peucedanum,and obtained motion rules of the sliding,sliding and throwing up;Analyze the force of root-soil mixture under crushingdevice,The factors affecting the separation and crushing effect of root-soil mixture are determined to be related to the inclination of the vibrating screen,crank speed,and the inclination of the conveyor belt.On this basis,the prototype was made.Design-expert software was used to establish a multiple regression model between evaluation indicators and various factors,and the field test and validation test were carried out,the optimal combination of structural parameters was obtained and the test results shown that:The vibrating screen dip Angle was 17.5°,crank speed was 451r/min,the transmission network belt dip Angle was 30°,at this time,the net rate of net rat was 98.65%,the damage rate was 1.70%.

关 键 词：前胡收获 正交试验 牵引式 丘陵山区 

分 类 号：S225.79[农业科学—农业机械化工程]