波形钢腹板工字形梁焊接残余应力研究  

Study on Welding Residual Stresses of the I-girder with Corrugated Steel Web

作　　者：闫林君[1] 关义朋 罗奎 冀伟[1] YAN Linjun;GUAN Yipeng;LUO Kui;JI Wei(College of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学土木工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期143-151,共9页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52168019,51868039);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(20YF3FA039);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(21JR7RA315);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2021-RC-39)。

摘　　要：采用数值模拟与试验的方法对Q345钢波形钢腹板工字形梁焊接温度场与残余应力分布进行了研究.采用完全耦合法建立了波形钢腹板工字形梁热弹塑性三维有限元模型,得到其焊接温度场与应力场,并通过在有限元模型中定义多条研究路径的方法,研究了不同路径上纵、横向焊接残余应力的分布规律.在波形钢腹板工字形梁的焊接过程中采用红外线测温法与电阻应变计法进行焊接温度与残余应力的试验研究.结果表明:焊接残余应力的数值模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好,验证了数值模拟方法的正确性和可行性;焊接过程中热源中心稳定温度高达1401℃,远离热源中心温度迅速降低,当与热源中心距离大于25 cm时温度已趋近室温;波形钢腹板弯折角处焊缝的最大Von Mises应力为395 MPa,远高于材料的屈服强度;腹板表面距焊缝0.5 cm处的纵向残余应力高达351 MPa,而波形钢腹板表面的横向残余应力呈抛物线形式波动,最大值为48.5 MPa;波形钢腹板工字形梁上的焊接残余应力以纵向应力为主,且主要分布于距焊缝20 cm的范围内.研究结论可为实际工程中波形钢腹板工字形梁的残余应力消除提供参考依据.The welding temperature fields and residual stress distribution of the Q345 I-girder with corrugated steel web were studied through numerical simulation and experimental methods.The thermoelastic-plastic three-dimensional finite element models of the I-girder with corrugated steel web were established by using the complete coupling method,and the welding temperature fields and stress fields were obtained.By defining multiple research paths in the finite element models,the distributions of longitudinal and transverse residual stresses of the I-girder with corrugated steel web under different welding paths were studied.In the welding process of the I-girder with cor⁃rugated steel web,the infrared temperature measurement method and resistance strain gauge method were used to study the welding temperatures and residual stresses.The results show that the numerical simulation results of weld⁃ing residual stresses are in good agreement with the measured results,which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the numerical simulation method.During the welding process,the stable temperature of the heat source center is up to 1401℃,and the temperature away from the heat source center decreases rapidly.When the distance from the heat source center is more than 25 cm,the temperature approaches room temperature.The maximum von Mises stress of the weld at the bending corner of the corrugated web is 395 MPa,which is much higher than the yield strength of the material.The longitudinal residual stresses on the web surface 0.5 cm away from the weld is up to 351 MPa,while the transverse residual stress on the web surface fluctuates in the form of parabola,with a maximum value of 48.5 MPa.The welding residual stresses on the I-girder with corrugated steel web are mainly longitudinal stresses,which are mainly distributed within 20 cm from the weld.The research results of this paper can provide a reference basis for the elimination of residual stresses of the I-girder with corrugated steel in practical engineering.

关 键 词：焊接试验 数值模拟 波形钢腹板 温度场 残余应力 红外线测温法 

分 类 号：U446.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]