早产小于胎龄儿发生的危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors for the occurrence of preterm birth of small for gestational age infant

作　　者：钟小毅 杨冬菲 孙东明[2] 李少华[2] 王玉[2] ZHONG Xiaoyi;YANG Dongfei;SUN Dongming;LI Shaohua;WANG Yu(Graduate School of Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China;Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学研究生学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学附属医院儿科,河北保定071000

出　　处：《医学研究与教育》2023年第1期59-63,共5页Medical Research and Education

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题计划项目(20190938);保定市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(2141ZF293)。

摘　　要：目的分析早产小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)发生的危险因素,为加强围生期教育及进行临床干预提供依据。方法选取2017年1月至2022年1月河北大学附属医院新生儿科收治的1483例早产儿为研究对象,根据出生体质量和胎龄的关系将研究对象分为2组,即早产SGA组和早产适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age infant,AGA)组,分析每组患儿的围生期高危因素,并运用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析早产SGA发生的危险因素。结果早产SGA组母亲孕期合并妊娠期高血压、羊水过少、胎盘异常、妊娠期贫血、双胎/多胎妊娠、高龄产妇、接受辅助生殖技术比例高于早产AGA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,母亲患有妊娠期高血压、胎盘异常、妊娠期贫血是早产SGA发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论母亲患有妊娠期高血压、胎盘异常、妊娠期贫血与早产SGA的发生关系密切,在临床工作中应针对性开展围生期教育并及时干预,降低SGA的发生率。Objective To analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of preterm small for gestational age infant(SGA)infants,and to provide a basis for targeted strengthening of perinatal education and clinical intervention.Methods From January 2017 to January 2022,1483 preterm infants admitted to the neonatology department of the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University were selected for the study.The study subjects were divided into two groups according to the relationship between birth mass and gestational age,namely preterm small for gestational age infant(SGA)group and appropriate for gestational age infant(AGA)group,and the perinatal risk factors of each group were analyzed.The risk factors for preterm SGA were analysed using univariate and multifactorial logistic regression.Results A higher proportion of mothers in the preterm SGA group with a combination of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,low amniotic fluid,placental abnormalities,anaemia during pregnancy,multiple pregnancies,advanced maternal age and undergoing assisted reproductive technology relative to the preterm AGA group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that mothers with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy,placental abnormalities,and anemia during pregnancy were independent risk factors for the occurrence of SGA(P<0.05).Conclusion Mothers with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy,placental abnormalities,and anaemia in pregnancy are closely related to the occurrence of SGA in preterm labour.In clinical work,targeted perinatal education and timely intervention should be carried out to reduce the incidence of SGA.

关 键 词：宫内生长迟缓儿 小于胎龄儿 适于胎龄儿 早产儿 高危因素 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]