海底管道悬空锤击内检测方法及振动信号分析  

Internal Detection Method and Vibration Signal Analysis of Suspended Hammering of Submarine Pipelines

作　　者：张行[1] 李振林[1] 啜广山 王路路 段志文 Zhang Hang;Li Zhenlin;Chuo Guangshan;Wang Lulu;Duan Zhiwen(College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing);Processing and manufacturing branch of CNOOC energy development equipment Technology Co.,Ltd;Capital Aerospace Machinery)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院 [2]中海油能源发展装备技术有限公司加工制造分公司 [3]首都航天机械有限公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第3期68-75,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“环焊缝连续激励下管道机器人流固耦合系统非线性动力学特性研究”(51805542);国家自然科学基金-联合基金项目“多功能海底管道机器人流体作用机理与设计方法研究”(U1908228);中国石油大学(北京)优秀青年团队项目“复杂海况下的管道机器人多场耦合动力学特性研究”(2462020YXZZ046);中国石油天然气集团有限公司-中国石油大学(北京)战略合作科技专项“‘一带一路’海外长输管道完整性关键技术研究与应用”(ZLZX2020-05)。

摘　　要：敷设在海床的油气管道可能会在洋流冲刷、地质运移等多种因素的影响下出现管道局部悬空现象,海底管道悬空会严重威胁油气输送安全。为有效检测管道悬空状态,提出了一种基于锤击检测法的海底管道悬空内检测器设计方案;结合MSC/Adams动力学仿真软件,采集经内检测器主动锤击激励管道内壁后不同敷设状况管段的振动响应信号,对采集的振动响应信号分别进行基于短时傅里叶变换(STFT)、频率切片小波变换(FSWT)和改进希尔伯特黄变换(HHT)时频分析,结合3种时频分析结果建立了管道悬空内检测效果评价指标。研究结果表明:经力锤激励后,管道振动响应信号整体幅值主要集中在50~120 Hz范围内,峰值频率主要集中在80 Hz左右;不同悬空状态下的管段振动响应信号幅值存在明显差别,越接近悬空管段中心位置,振动响应信号峰值频率对应的幅值越大;基于锤击法的管道悬空内检测器在仿真模拟环境中可有效辨别管道悬空状态。研究结果可为锤击内检测法应用于海底管道悬空状态内检测提供指导。Due to many factors such as ocean current scouring and geological migration,the local suspension of oil and gas pipelines laid on the seabed may occur,which will seriously threaten the safety of pipeline transportation.In order to effectively detect the suspension state of pipeline,a design of submarine pipeline suspended detector based on hammer detection method was proposed.Combined with MSC/Adams dynamics simulation software,the vibration response signals of pipe segments were collected after the inner wall of the pipe was stimulated by the active hammer of the internal detector.The collected vibration response signals were analyzed through shorttime Fourier transform,frequency slice wavelet transform and improved Hilbert-Hung transform,respectively.Based on the results of three kinds of time-frequency analysis,the evaluation index of the inspection effect in suspended pipeline was established.The research results show that after the force hammer excitation,the overall amplitude of pipeline vibration response signals is mainly in the range of 50~120 Hz,and the peak frequency is around 80 Hz.There are obvious differences in the amplitude of the vibration response signal of the pipe section under different suspended states,and the closer to the center of the suspended pipe section,the greater the amplitude corresponding to the peak frequency of the vibration response signal.The suspended pipeline detector based on the hammer method can effectively identify the suspended state of the pipeline in the simulation environment.The research results provide guidance for internal detection of suspension state of submarine pipelines by the hammer detection method.

关 键 词：海底管道悬空 锤击法 短时傅里叶变换 频率切片小波变换 希尔伯特黄变换 

分 类 号：TE973[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]