大学生旅游偏好与其儿童时期自然接触经历关系研究  

The Connection Between College Students'Tourism Preferences and Their Childhood Nature-contacted Experiences

作　　者：方小雨 马宝建[1] 马由川 Fang Xiaoyu;Ma Baojian;Ma Youchuan(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,100083,P.R.China;Department of Psychology,University of Chicago,60637,U.S.A)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,100083 [2]芝加哥大学心理学系

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期86-92,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University ：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家林业和草原局科技司林业软科学研究项目“中国国家公园体制试点追踪研究——以青海三江源国家公园体制试点为例”(2016-R06)。

摘　　要：环境学、心理学等领域已有丰富研究成果表明,儿童时期自然接触经历不同的成人在认知和行为上往往会呈现出一定的差异性,但目前旅游领域对儿童自然接触相关研究关注较少。采用问卷调查法,以北京市大学生为调查对象,从城乡成长背景、接触频率、接触方式、接触环境、接触强度和接触感受六个维度出发,探究儿童时期自然接触经历对其旅游认知、情感和意向偏好的影响。结果表明:(1)儿童时期的自然接触方式、环境、强度和感受均与旅游偏好存在一定的影响关系;(2)城乡成长背景和自然接触频率未呈现出与旅游偏好的显著影响关系,但存在一定的相关关系。基于以上结果,就儿童自然教育开展和大学生旅游市场开发提出针对性建议:(1)儿童自然教育活动应尽量在真实的野外自然环境中进行,保持适中的强度,并注意引导儿童对自然产生积极感受;(2)大学生旅游市场开发应关注不同自然接触经历的大学生对自然旅游产品的多样化需求。Abundant research in environmental science,psychology and other related fields has shown that adults with different nature-contacted experiences in childhood often show certain differences in cognition and behavior.Nevertheless,little attention has been paid to research on children's nature-contacted experiences in the field of tourism.In this study,a questionnaire survey was administered among 304 college students in Beijing to investigate the connection between tourism preferences in adulthood and nature-contacted experiences in childhood.The study investigated the implications of urban or rural growth background and the frequency,mode,environment,intensity,and feeling of nature-contacted experiences in childhood for tourism preferences in adulthood as it relates to cognition,emotion,and intention.The results of questionnaire surveys revealed that:①the mode,environment,intensity,and feeling of nature-contacted experiences in childhood all appear to have certain influences on tourism preference in adulthood;②neither growth background nor the frequency of nature-contacted experience shows a significant relationship with tourism preference in adulthood.Based on the results,this article puts forward some targeted suggestions on children's nature education and college students'tourism market development:®children's nature education should be carried out in a real wild natural environment with moderate intensity,adults should guide children to have positive feelings towards nature;③tourism marketing development should pay attention to how college students'demands for natural tourism products relate to their nature-contacted experiences in childhood.

关 键 词：旅游偏好 自然接触经历 大学生 儿童时期 

分 类 号：B845.65[哲学宗教—心理学]