《旅游法》出台、供给水平与旅游经济发展  

Enactment of Tourism Law of the People’s Republic of China,Supply Level and High Quality Development of Tourism Economy

作　　者：生延超 李倩 许玲玲 SHENG Yanchao;LI Qian;XU Lingling(School of Public Administration and Human Geography,Hunan University of Technology and Business,Changsha 410205,China;Zhengzhou College of Finance and Economics,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工商大学公共管理与人文地理学院,湖南长沙410205 [2]郑州财经学院会计学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《旅游科学》2023年第1期133-155,共23页Tourism Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“和谐消费的理论与实证研究”(20FJYB048);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“区域旅游经济高质量增长的驱动机制与提升策略研究”(21A0380)。

摘　　要：加强法制建设,提升供给水平,是实现旅游经济长足发展的重要方式。文章将《中华人民共和国旅游法》视为一项准自然实验,以2008—2019年全国284个地级市为研究样本,采用双重差分模型系统考察法律制度建设对旅游经济发展的影响。实证结果表明:《旅游法》出台对人均旅游收入和人均旅游次数均具有正向促进作用,且对人均旅游收入的正向促进作用在资源禀赋较高、市场化程度较低、法治环境较好、腐败程度较低的城市更显著,对人均旅游次数的促进作用在资源禀赋较低、市场化程度较高、法治环境较好、腐败程度较低的城市更显著。文章通过进一步作用机制检验发现,法律制度建设推动旅游经济发展的核心逻辑是调整旅游业整体供给水平。具体表现为:《旅游法》出台通过保障劳动者各项权益,吸纳要素形成劳动力的规模效应;提高旅游业的市场竞争力,形成企业的聚集效应;赋予地方政府旅游发展规划权,充分发挥基础设施的正外部性,进而推动旅游经济发展。但总的来看,《旅游法》出台对旅游经济发展的积极作用重在增加人均旅游次数而非提升人均旅游收入,表明法制建设主要是通过刺激需求端,优化供给端,形成供给端和需求端响应机制进而推动旅游经济的长足发展。文章为更好地运用法律制度实现“依法治旅”和“依法兴旅”提供了理论基础和经验支持。Strengthening the legal system construction and improving the level of supply are crucial ways to realize the rapid development of tourism economy.This paper regarded the Tourism Law of the People’s Republic of China as a quasi-natural experiment,sampled 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2019,used the dual difference model to systematically examine the impact of legal system construction on the high-quality development of tourism economy.The results show:(1)the enactment of Tourism Law has a positive effect on per capita tourism income and per capita tourism frequency,and its positive effect on per capita tourism income is more obvious in cities with higher resource endowment,lower marketization,better legal environment and lower degree of corruption;(2)the positive effect on per capita tourism frequency is more obvious in cities with lower resource endowment,higher marketization,better legal environment and lower degree of corruption.And a further mechanism test found that the core logic of legal system construction to promote tourism economic development is to adjust the overall supply level of tourism.Speacially,the path of implementation of Toursim Law to promote the developmet of tourism economy can be divided into three aspects.Firstly,Tourism Law has formed a scale effect of labor by protecting the rights and interests of workers.Secondly,its enactment can improve the market competitiveness of tourism enterprises,thus forming the aggragation effect of tourism enterprises.Thirdly,the legal system gives local government the right to plan for tourism development,which can help full play to the positive externalities of infrastructure.However,in general,the positive effects of the introduction of the Tourism Law on the development of tourism economy stress the increasing of the number of per capita tourism rather than per capita tourism income,indicating that the construction of the legal system is mainly to stimulate the demand side,and to optimize the supply side,and form the response mecha

关 键 词：旅游法 供给水平 双重差分 旅游经济 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]